Outline

1. Outline • Every speech will be written in an outline format • The outline that is turned in needs to be written in full sentences • You will need to write out your points and add the examples, evidence or supporting details in your sub points • You don’t need to have three points, but the points you do have need to follow the same structure

2. Format of Sentence Outline Speech Type Purpose of Speech Speech Title/Topic • Introduction • Attention getter • Introduce Topic/State Thesis Statement • Establish Credibility (Ethos) • Preview Main Points • Body • First Point • Subpoint • In depth analysis • supporting evidence • supporting evidence • Subpoint • In depth analysis • supporting evidence • supporting evidence • Subpoint • In depth analysis • supporting evidence • supporting evidence • Second Point • Third Point • Conclusion • Refer back to attention getter • Restate Thesis

3. Speech #1: Introduction Purpose: To introduce myself based on a central personal theme, in this case, the word perseverance as a definition of the motivating force behind the desire to achieve a large professional goal, acceptance into pharmacy school. I. Introduction: a. When reflecting on our lives what defines us? b. Usually, people will say it is their jobs, hobbies, goals, families or any number of other things that occupy and fulfill their lives. c. However, could it be a word? When we consider ourselves and our lives we realize that many times it is a word or perhaps a collection of a few key words that truly define who we are and how we approach life with its many joys, sorrows and challenges. d. For myself, at this moment in my life, my defining word is perseverance. e. My perseverance has been the guiding force that has helped me achieve the most difficult goal in my life thus far, acceptance into pharmacy school. It helped me navigate the many obstacles I faced in achieving this goal such as: (1) Success in night classes while working full-time. (2) Returning to full-time studies. (3) Ultimately, the pharmacy school acceptance process.

4. II. Body: A. Success in night classes while working full-time. After finishing my bachelor’s degree, I decided to work for awhile and received a management position with Walgreens. However, I still wanted to further my education, preferably moving into the healthcare field. This job would give me a glimpse. I quickly earned a promotion which meant more hours at work but this led to my pharmacy technician’s license and the opportunity to work in the pharmacy itself. This planted the seed of wanting to go to pharmacy school. Next step, the decision to begin night classes. This was difficult due to the responsibility of my position then and the hours involved (50 to 60 hrs. per week). Through perseverance I was able to succeed in my difficult science classes while maintaining a heavy workload. This bolstered my confidence and led to the decision to attack this goal head-on and return to school full-time to finish my pre-requisites.

5. III. Conclusion: When I ask the question the of what defines me, I feel what best answers this question is a quote by the Roman poet and satirist Persius: “he conquers who endures.” I feel it could not be stated any better. All of us here today have a story similar to mine, which involves overcoming great odds in the pursuit of our heart’s desire. Indeed, I am sure there are many of you listening right now that have stories that would make mine seem pale in comparison. But I hope that my story as witnessed to you all here today will have the two-fold effect of further fueling the fire of perseverance that lies within and aid you in finding that other word or words that truly define you.

6. Structure of a Speech • Verbal Essay • Need to make speech reflect your personality in a professional way that seems natural • A speech, more so than an essay, needs clarity and direction • Remember: In an essay you can go back to clarify questions. In a speech you don’t have that option.

7. Three Parts of a Speech • Just like an essay it will follow that same format of Intro, Body and Conclusion • When starting out, especially for those that are new to public speaking, strictly following this structure will not only aid in your ability to follow your speech easily but it will also help you become a clear and effective speaker

8. Intro • Five Requirements of an Intro: • Attention getter • This is a device that “hooks” your audience • Thesis Statement • Just like in an essay, this is covering the main idea of your speech • Relevancy • This part of your speech needs to establish why this speech is important to listen to. This may not always be required. • Ethos • This part of your speech needs to establish why the audience should listen to you as a speaker. • Preview • If not already stated in the thesis than make sure to let your audience what your points are

9. Attention Getter • The attention getter needs to be creative and short • NCLB Example, Guitar, Dramatic Quote • It needs to directly relate to your topic and automatically give the audience a clear idea of your topic and position • Some materials you can use: videos, quotes, statistics jokes, pop culture references, skits, songs, props and acting out of character

10. Attention Getter • Remember to consider your audience • WIIFM: What's In It For Me. • Ask yourself: If I was listening to my own speech and I had to decide whether to keep listening after hearing the attention getter, would I continue to listen?

11. Attention Getter • The attention getter is a very important part of the speech. It sets the stage for how the rest of the speech will go. • Narratives and examples are really great ways to get the audiences attention, especially those that use humor • Listing experience you’ve had with the topic also helps to establish your credibility on the topic

12. The Pitfalls of Attention Getters • Top mistakes: • Doesn’t Relate • Ex: Topic: Dog Fighting  AG: Girl dies from dog • Isn’t Delivered Properly • If you are using a quote or something that doesn’t grab attention on its own you need to make sure you delivery it with impact. • Too Long • If you show videos make sure they a 30 seconds or under. Quotes should take more than 20 seconds

13. Introducing Your Speech • Always start with your attention getter!!!!!! • Don’t say, “My name is…and today I will be taking about” or “my topic is” • This doesn’t grab your audience’s attention and it looks like you put little effort into your speech. You want to start on the right foot.

14. Assignment • Each group will be given a speech topic and will have to come up with TWO attention getters • You are allowed to make up quotes, statistics, ect. if need be

15. Assignment • Group One: How to recycle as a college student • Group Two: The rise in popularity of slasher movies • Group Three: The abuse of animals • Group Four: The dangers of Facebook and other social networking sites • Group Five: The benefits of yoga

16. Review of Self Introduction • What’s Wrong? How do You Fix it? • I joined speech and debate • I became a better student • I love painting • Paintings can showcase a different viewpoint of the world • Preview: Having to be in the hospital for a month made me a stronger person

17. Review of Self Introduction • Make sure to connect the dots • Don’t assume the audience sees the connection between your ideas • Be precise and focused • Lack of focus makes your speech vague, uninteresting and superficial • Make sure you are adhering to the requirments of the assignment

18. Student Learning Center • Lake Worth English Writing Lab • TC 214 • (561) 868-3794 Hours: Monday - Thursday • 7:30a.m. - 9:00p.m

19. Transitions • Are a necessary part of a speech because they: • Bridge parts of the speech • Help speech flow smoothly • Transitions can be simple, such as: • "Now that I've told you about the health benefits of oranges, I'd like to tell you about the health benefits of pomegranates." • "Second, I'd like to tell you about pomegranates." • "Finally, another fruit that's very healthy is the pomegranate."

20. Transitions • Look for commonalties or obvious differences between the two points • Use themes that connect the two ideas • For example: United States  Yogurt • Themes: both mix different things • Differences: Yogurt is healthy, U.S. eating habits are not

21. Transitions • However, students can also use more creative transitions that tie together points in interesting ways. • "While most people are aware of the health benefits of oranges, a lesser known fruit is also very nutritious: the pomegranate." • "But if you're bored with the plain old orange and want something more exciting in your lunch box, check out another healthy fruit: the pomegranate." • "Orange is pretty, but if red is more your speed, try a pomegranate."

22. Activity • Each group will get two words to discuss • The first word they will talk about briefly and the second word will be the topic they need to transition into. • Ex. Your topic is painting and you need to transition into pottery you could say painting is something that is very relaxing and therapeutic for some people but if you aren’t good with a paintbrush pottery is another option for incorporating art into your life.

23. Activity • Example: Silent Films •  Ipod • Group 1: Britney Spears •  Flavor Flav • Group 2: The Office •  The Hills • Group 3: Dick Cheney •  Hillary Clinton • Group 4: Conan O’Brien •  Bill O’Reily

24. Activity • Group 5: Jersey Shore •  Dora The Explorer • Group 6: Scar Face •  Tangled • Group 7: Puppies •  Lasagna • Group 8:Exercise •  Bears

25. Informative Speech • Time: 4-6 minutes • Purpose: To inform the class in a “balanced and responsible” fashion on a topic of broader public significance. You want to tell us something we do not already know. Your topic needn’t be overly political, but it needs to be important, and I will look for you to emphasize its potential significance to our lives during your presentation. • Requirements: Outline and Three resources will be required along with a bibliography in MLA or APA format.

26. Goals

27. Topic • The topic can make or break your speech. If its not interesting the audience won’t listen and if you aren’t interested it wills how in your speech • Inspiration: • Current events • Experiences • Interests/Hobbies • Passions • Beliefs • Misconceptions

28. Subject vs. Topic • Subject: a broad area of knowledge • Topic: narrower, subset of subject • Subject: Nursing • Topic: How the nursing shortage will negatively affect the medical field and patients

29. Topic • An informative topic must be: • Unbiased • Well Rounded • Creative • Fresh • Relevant • Current • Focused

30. Using Subjects for MultipleTopics

31. Topic • Things to consider when coming up with a topic: • “So What?” Factor • Relevancy • Audience Knowledge • Fresh and creative approach

32. Topic: So What Factor? • For every topic you choose you need to think about your audience and ask: • Will they care? • Is this relevant for them? • - as students, individuals, Americans, technology users, ect. • How does this impact audience on a day to day basis? • Is this something that I could talk about for five minutes?

33. Topic: Audience Knowledge • Does my audience already know about this topic? • Would they be interested in learning more? • How do I address the topic to make it fresh and creative? • Try to look at different angles of your topic. Look at misconceptions or sides of a topic that aren’t normally discussed

34. Topic: Audience Knowledge Action Plan

35. Topic: Audience Knowledge • Vegetarianism • Don’t we already know what this is? • How do we make it interesting? • Misconceptions about loss of protein and nutrients • Lack of options/new technology • Environmental reasons for being a vegetarian

36. Topic: Adding Relevancy • Not all audience members may be interested in vegetarianism, so how do you make it clear that your topic is relevant to them? • Add a relevancy statement!!!!!! • This needs to be one or two sentences telling your audience why they should listen to you speech

37. Relevancy Statement • Misconceptions about loss of protein and nutrients • Many of you may have wanted to become vegetarians but have not because you are worried about health issues or that you will be missing out on needed nutrition from meat • Lack of options/new technology • Being a vegetarian can be difficult and for many who wanted to be a vegetarian it can be almost impossible. For anyone who has looked at their hamburger and felt guilty know that times have changed and technology has caught up with the needs of vegetarians • Environmental reasons for being a vegetarian • We all care about our environment. Many of use recycle and our cutting back on how water or electricity we use but you may not know that the most environmentally friendly thing you can do doesn’t have to do with what your using but what you are eating.

38. Topic Relevancy • Dog Fighting • Why do we care? • Cruel to animals • Increases crime • Women being assulted on campus • Broaden it to incidents of violence on campus and how to protect yourself • Planned Parenthood • Services for everyone and its effects on the community

39. Coming Up With a Topic • Topic Idea: The Recession/Current Economy • What about the recession? • Don’t we already know about the recession? • Why would we want to listen to this? • Better idea: How little has changed to stop another recession from happening again

40. Coming Up With a Topic • An African American Harvard professor was arrested after being mistaken for a burglar. At a press conference President Obama said the police officer’s actions were “stupid”. • Is this a topic?

41. Action Plan for Speech

42. Assignment • Come up with TWO topic with a thesis statement and reason why your topic is relevant • Example: • There is new technology available to make being a vegetarian easier. These options make it more attractive to become a vegetarian. • This topic is relevant because many people may want to be vegetarians but think it is too difficult.

43. Delivery • Eye contact • Confident posture and Facial expressions • Body Movements • Voice • Enhancing your message • Pitch • Rate • Volume • Articulation • Inflection • Pauses • Extemporaneous

44. Practice • Ways to Practice • Mirror • Recording • In front of family & friends • Practice Assignment • Practice looking at audience and not heavily relying on outline • Practice in a mirror (or tape it) to see how you will be perceived by audience • Practice with audience

45. Delivery • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-M_CA0orW08&feature=player_embedded

46. Assignment • In a group you will be creating a brief (2-3 minute) speech. • You will pick from the assigned topics: • 2‐4 things that really bother you • 2‐4 things you like or dislike about your college or university • 2‐4 things you would like to change about the place you work • 2‐4 things you would do to improve the educational system • 2‐4 things you would do if you were President of the United States • 2‐4 reasons you like or dislike _________ (a public person, a place, a sport, a book, a movie, a TV show, a hobby, etc.)

47. Assignment • The speech that must include: • Intro • Attention getter(Catch attention of audience) • Thesis and Preview • Establishing of ethos • Relevancy Statement • Body •  At least two points • Transitions between each point • Supporting Details • Evidence • Conclusion  • Reiterate main points • Leave us with something clever, unique, funny, and encompassing

48. Assignment • Each group will pick one person to perform the speech in front of the class. • The person who performs his/her speech in front of the class will receive 3 points extra credit on the next speech • Once all the groups have performed their speeches, I will decide which group was the best and that group will receive 3 points extra credit on the next speech.

49. Supporting Material • For all the proceeding speech research or supporting material will be required • This is an important part of the speech to establish your credibility as a speaker as well as to make a more well rounded and unbiased speech • There are five types of supporting material and you need to try and incorporate all of them into your speech • Facts, Examples, Illustrations, Testimony, Visual

50. Supporting Material • Facts are the most commonly thought of as the only supporting detail • Facts • Any piece of information that is verifiable • Statistics and findings by published research • ALWAYS cite where you are getting the material • This is the most credible form of supporting material but usually the most boring • It is necessary but must be used in conjunction with the other forms of supporting material • Be aware of being too factually dense, you want to inform but you also need to keep you audiences attention