Female Reproductive Organs

2. Female Reproductive Organs • Vulva-_______ organs of female, mons pubis, clitoris, labia major/minora and vaginal opening • Mons Pubis– _____ _____the covers the pubic bone & covered by pubic hair. • Labia Majora – ____ outer folds of skin that surround the _____ _____ clitoris and the openings to the urethra & vagina. Rich in nerve s and blood vessels Provides protection for the internal reproductive organs and has a sexual arousal function. • Labia Minor – _____ ______ of skin that surround the clitoris and the openings to the urethra & vagina. Function is protection and sexual arousal. • Clitoris- small, sensitive, ______ - _______ organ located near the opening to the ______. Its function is sexual arousal. • Urethra, Bladder, Rectum and Anus - _ reproductive role in the female. • How does that statement differ from the male. • Hymen – thin membrane that partially covers the opening to the ________. It may be broken or stretched by sexual intercourse, strenuous sports, accidents, etc. • Can the girl be a virgin if the hymen is not intact? • Can the girl get pregnant if the hymen is still intact? • Vagina – _______, muscular, passageway (_ to ___ inches) that extends from the uterus to the outside of the body (Labia Majora). When the female becomes sexually aroused the vagina becomes _____, ____ and glands produce fluid to _________ it.

3. Female Reproductive Organs • Cervix – ____ of the uterus where the vagina and uterus meet. • Functions: hold the fetus inside the womb. Produces _____ which is a fluid released during _______ by the _____ that channels sperm cells into the uterus. • Uterus-the ______- muscular organ that nourishes and protects the ovum (egg) • What is the uterus called when the woman is pregnant? _______ • Endometrium – is heavily lined with ____ _____ that periodically build up and break down releasing blood and other fluids and can range from 21 to 35 days length • What is the discharge of fluids called? _______ • What is this called? ________ • Fallopian Tubes- __ tubes coming from each side of the ______. They are 2 to 4 inches in length and are 1/70th of an inch in diameter. The tubes are lined with _____ along with tubular contractions that help to move the egg through the fallopian tubes. This could take 1 to 3 days. _____________ occurs here. • What are fimbriae? • Ovaries- the female ____ _______ on both sides of the uterus, at the end of the Fallopian tubes. They produce estrogen and progesterone. They have around _________ripe eggs when the girl reaches puberty. A maximum of ___ may ripen in her years of fertility. Usually the ovaries _________ releasing an egg cell (ovum). • Ovulation-The process of releasing one _______ _____ each month . • Menstruation-The process of shedding the lining of the uterus (endometrium) • During menstruation she releases __ to ___ tablespoons of blood.

4. Female Reproductive Organs • Menstrual Cycle – divided into 5 stages • Menstruation 1st to 5th – 7th day the _________ breaks down releasing blood, nutrients, etc. • Pre-Ovulatory stage – 5th to 13th day the endometrium _______ itself. • Ovulation 13th to 15th day (roughly _____ way through the menstrual cycle) the ovaries release a ripened ovum that then travels through the fallopian tubes. • Post-Ovulatory stage – 13th to the 26th day the uterine lining ______ enriched with blood. • Break Down (oxygen deprivation) 26th to 28th day the blood vessels in the uterine wall shrink & receive less _______ causing the endometrium to break down. • The Menstrual Cycle may be irregular or non-existent. • Pregnant __________ or physical trauma • __________ sports To o______ or to old • Illness Medicine/birth control • Poor ________ ________ operation • Body ________ Physical or ________ stress • ___________ (when the woman eggs die during her mid 40’s to 50’s • Can the woman still have sexual intercourse?

5. Menstrual Care / Concerns about F.R.S. • PMS- _______ syndrome refers to a variety of symptoms 2 days to __ weeks _______ they get their menstrual period. She may experience tension, anxiety, irritability, bloating, weight gain, mood swings and depression. See your physician: could be _______, nutritional deficiency, chemicals in the brain. Reduce: stress, sugar, salt, caffeine, tobacco use, ________ Do: eat healthy, exercise, take vitamin – B, medication – antidepressant • Dysmenorrhea-menstrual cramps, consists of painful contractions in the uterus during menstruation. Sever or persistent pain - see your physician. • Amenorrhea- _____ menstruating by age 16 or the stopping of menstrual cycle in a female who had previously menstruated for three or more months. Can be caused by physical defects in the female sex organs, disease, tumors infections, excessive athletic activities, emotional stress, eating disorders or starvation. • Toxic Shock Syndrome- _______ ______ found in the mouth, skin and vagina release toxins that affects the immune system and liver. It can be fatal. Symptoms fever, vomiting, rashes, muscle aches, diarrhea, low blood pressure, fainting and rash. • Can children and men get TSS?__________ • Sterility- __________ of one or two fallopian tubes. Another cause female does not ovulate

6. Breast Anatomy • The breast is made up of glandular tissues, nipples, supporting tissues and lymph vessels. • Glandular tissues: _______ produce milk and ______ are small passages connected to the nipples • Nipples: have tiny __________ connected to the ducts that release milk in breast feeding women. • Supporting tissues is made up of fatty tissue and _________. They _______ the lobes ducts and blood vessels. • Lymph vessels are connected to _______ ______ under the arms that help fight infections. • Breastsmay grow at different _____ and be different ______. • Changes in the breast are ____ ______ a sign of a serious problem and most women experience some changes in their breasts during their lives.

7. A ducts • B lobules • C dilated section of duct to • hold milk • D nipple • E fat • F pectoral's major muscle • G chest wall/rib cage • Enlargement: • A normal duct cells • B basement membrane • C lumen (center of duct)

8. Menstrual Care / Concerns about FRS • Breast Cancer-Breast cancer is the ______ most common form of cancer in females. No one knows what causes breast cancer, so there is little to prevent it. Over 175,000 women and 1,500 _____. • Diagnosis: Self examination, mammography (40) – X-ray of the breast, clinical breast exam – doctor, ultrasonography, fine needle aspiration biopsy, core biopsy (larger needle) surgical biopsy • ____________ Factors: 50 years old or older (80%), having had breast cancer, radiation, family history, early menstruation - before 12 or late menopause - 55. • ____________ Factors: overweight, alcohol abuse, estrogen replacement therapy, lack of exercise. • Signs: • Lump in the breast or _______ • Puckering of the skin • Unusual __________ in size or shape or one breast • Unusual _______ of the upper arm • Enlargement of the _____ ______ • Change in the skin of the nipple • _________ of the skin in the breast or nipple • Unusual ________ from the nipple • Accentuated ______ on the surface of the breast.

9. Menstrual Care / Concerns about FRS • Cervical Cancer- another common cancer in women is cervical cancer. _____ smear is a test used for detect this. Cells are taken from cervix and examined. A women should get a pap smear done every year from the time she is ___ or earlier if she is ______ active. • Risk Factors: never having a PAP smear, ages 20 to 30, _______ sexual intercourse, _______ partners. • Ovarian Cancer - about 25,000 females in the US. In teenage women this is usually occurs in the ___ ____ cells in the ovary. • Signs: pelvic pressure or pain, deepened voice, unusual hair growth, tender mass in the lower abdomen, painful intercourse anemia. • Risk factors for this disease: a ______ _____. Two or more members have it should be counseled by doctor • Infections found in the vaginal area • Yeast Infection – _______ infection • Trichomoniasis – ________ organism • Treatment- visit a your doctor for proper diagnosis

10. Breast Cancer

11. Female Health • Breast Exams • Pelvic Exam

12. Step 1: • Begin by looking at your breasts in the mirror with your shoulders straight and your arms on your hips. • Here's what you should look for: • breasts that are their usual size, shape, and color. • breasts that are evenly shaped without visible distortion or swelling. • If you see any of the following changes, bring them to your doctor's attention: • nipple discharge • dimpling, puckering, or bulging of the skin. • a nipple that has changed position or an inverted nipple (pushed inward instead of sticking out). • redness, soreness, rash, or swelling.

13. Step 2 • : Now, raise your arms and look for the same changes.

14. Step 3: • While you're at the mirror, gently squeeze each nipple between your finger and thumb and check for nipple discharge (this could be a milky or yellow fluid or blood).

15. Step 4 • : Next, feel your breasts while lying down, using your right hand to feel your left breast and then your left hand to feel your right breast. Use a firm, smooth touch with the first few fingers of your hand, keeping the fingers flat and together. • Cover the entire breast from top to bottom, side to side—from your collarbone to the top of your abdomen, and from your armpit to your cleavage. • Follow a pattern to be sure that you cover the whole breast. You can begin at the nipple, moving in larger and larger circles until you reach the outer edge of the breast. You can also move your fingers up and down vertically, in rows, as if you were mowing a lawn. Be sure to feel all the breast tissue: just beneath your skin with a soft touch and down deeper with a firmer touch. Begin examining each area with a very soft touch, and then increase pressure so that you can feel the deeper tissue, down to your ribcage.

16. Step 5: • Finally, feel your breasts while you are standing or sitting. Many women find that the easiest way to feel their breasts is when their skin is wet and slippery, so they like to do this step in the shower. Cover your entire breast, using the same hand movements described in Step 4.

17. Female Virtual Tour / Internal Organs • http://kidshealth.org/teen/sexual_health/girls/female_repro.html • Breast Care/HEALTH EDGO • Education in Sexuality • Glencoe McGraw-Hill