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PL 109-95: requirements

Presentation for the way forward project FIRST WORKING GROUPS CONVENING February 11, 2011 9:00 – 9:45 A.M. Public Law 109-95: Assistance for Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children in Developing Countries Act of 2005 and “the U.S. Investment in Family-Based Care Abroad”. PL 109-95: requirements.

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PL 109-95: requirements

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  1. Presentation for the way forward projectFIRST WORKING GROUPS CONVENINGFebruary 11, 2011 9:00 – 9:45 A.M.Public Law 109-95: Assistance for Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children in Developing Countries Act of 2005 and“the U.S. Investment in Family-Based Care Abroad”

  2. PL 109-95: requirements General: • USG assistance for OVC should be coordinated, comprehensive and effective. Specific: • USG Special Advisor appointed by Sec State or A/AID; • USG strategy for coordinating, implementing, monitoring USG assistance; • USG-wide M&E system with goals and indicators to measure effectiveness; • Disseminate best practices; • Report annually to Congress on USG assistance, etc.

  3. PL 109-95 Coordination Partners • Department of State • CA/OCI, DRL, F, G/TIP, IO, OGAC, PRM • USAID • AFR, AME, DCOF, E&E, EGAT, FFP, GH, LAC, OFDA, GH/OHA • Department of Labor • ILAB • Department of Health and Human Services • ACF, CDC, HRSA, NIH • Department of Defense • Office of the Undersecretary of Defense (Policy), DHAPP • Peace Corps • Department of Agriculture • McGovern Dole Food for Education and Child Nutrition Program

  4. Architecture/characteristics of USG assistance • array of separate mandated programs • some focus exclusively on children, most do not • most target specific types of vulnerability not HVC per se • system/HR strengthening; capacity building; service delivery • one USG FY but procurement/grant cycles may differ • o/a 160 different performance indicators • 1,913 projects;107 countries; 7 USG agencies/21 offices; $2.6 billion (FY 2009)

  5. USG assistance to HVC in FY 2009

  6. Criteria for inclusion in PL 109-95project data base Project focuses, in whole or in part, on highly vulnerable children and   has any/all of following objectives: • to provide humanitarian and emergency services;  • to help children outside family/parental care;  • to help children subjected to/highly vulnerable to trafficking, the worst forms of child labor, child marriage, violence, abuse, exploitation;  • to provide care/support/treatment to children affected by HIV/AIDS;  • to strengthen the capacity of: • the most vulnerable families/communities to care/protect children • national social/child welfare and protection systems • to identify effective/sustainable interventions through research/evaluation

  7. Images and an equation • Tie that binds • Network nexus • Synergizer • Tiller of common ground • 2 + 2 = 5

  8. Fourth Annual Report to Congress on Public Law 109-95:The Assistance for Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children in Developing Countries Act of 2005A Whole-of-Government Approachto Child Welfare and ProtectionDecember 2010

  9. Highly vulnerable children 413,000,000 children living in extreme poverty 302,000,000 children experienced severe physical punishment at home; 150,000,000 girls experienced sexual abuse; 115,000,000 children involved in hazardous work; 18,300,000 children have lost both parents; 2,000,000 children in institutional care; 1,800,000 children in prostitution or pornography; 1,100,000 children in forced labor as a result of trafficking.

  10. Accomplishments 2008-2010 • Strengthened HR: PL 109-95 staff level up 400% (1 to 5) • Whole of government theory put into practice • Bridge between domestic and international programs • Partnerships with key external stakeholders • Prefab coordination platform helped Haiti response • Interagency coordination groups in Haiti and Ethiopia; • 1st USG conference on int’l child welfare and protection • Tools for interagency coordination and M&E: • global and country-level databases on HVC • USG assistance to HVC • resource guide to best practices, tools and guidelines

  11. Selected priorities 2010-2011 • Promote launch of USG initiative to strengthen human resources for highly vulnerable children • Partner with U.S. Dept. of Ed./HHS to increase support for Early Childhood Development (ECD) in international programs • Methodology using population-based surveys to support improved targeting of assistance on the most vulnerable • Launch website and promote use for strategic planning, coordination, dissemination of best practice, informing public, etc. • Support country-level efforts to increase the impact of USG assistance through improved interagency coordination – e.g. Ethiopia.

  12. USG interventions for highly vulnerable childrenStrengthening Families via Multiple Sectors Strengthens families; Prevents family dissolution • Food security • including Feed the Future initiative • Economic growth • Health • Including Global Health Initiative • (prevention and treatment (including ARV) • Education • Emergency prediction and response • Capacity building among caregivers • Social and Child welfare system strengthening • Psychosocial support

  13. USG Support to Strengthen Families Preserving and enhancing the capacity of families to care for and protect their children is a primary focus in preventing children from becoming vulnerable and responding to children who face multiple risks - PL109-95 4th Annual Report to Congress-pg 24

  14. PL109-95 databaseNon-PEPFAR projectsN=899 Examples of Target groups of children at risk or outside of family care: • Exposed to violence • Internally displaced children • Worst forms of child labor • Orphans • Children outside family care • Living in residential care/orphanages Examples of Interventions that strengthen family care: • Economic Strengthening (26%) • Food and nutrition (23%) • Protection from abuse, violence, exploitation, and neglect • Psychosocial support

  15. PEPFAR Guiding Principles for programs that support Orphans and Vulnerable Children • The HIV/AIDS pandemic strikes at the heart of family and community support structures • PEPFAR incorporates Key strategies from the Framework for the Protection, Care and Support of Orphans and Vulnerable Children Living in a World with HIV and AIDS and COB Series: • Strengthen the capacity of families to protect and care for orphans and other children made vulnerable by HIV/AIDS • Mobilize community-based responses to support affected families • PEPFAR envisions a comprehensive and multi-sectoral approach that builds on community and family support structures and engages communities in taking action to care for and track the welfare of affected children • Assistance programs should enable vulnerable children to remain in a loving family situation in which they can maintain stability, care, predictability, and protection. (caregiver support) Supporting family capacity, whether the head of household is an ill or widowed parent, an elderly grandparent, or a young person, helps build a protective environment for vulnerable children. http://www.pepfar.gov/guidance/78217.htm

  16. PL109-95 DatabasePEPFAR ProjectsN=1,014 PEPFAR Core intervention areas for children and their households include: • Food and Nutritional Support • Shelter and Care • Protection • Health Care • Psychosocial Support • Education and Vocational Training • Economic opportunity/Strengthening

  17. USG Support to Strengthening FamiliesPEPFAR examples Better Care Network: Global information exchange and advocacy on policy and programming re children without adequate family care (PEPFAR/OHA, Africa Bureau, DCOF) Social Welfare Workforce Strengthening Conference; November, 2010; Cape Town, South Africa; 18 countries; Govt, USAID, UNICEF, IO (PEPFAR/OHA) Support development of government alternative care standards in Namibia, Tanzania, Zambia) (PEPFAR/OHA) Support groups for caregivers and home based visitors related to less child abuse, less stigma, and less marginalization (PEPFAR evaluations)

  18. USG Support to Strengthening FamiliesPEPFAR examples Reform of social welfare services, with emphasis on family-centered care, strengthening existing structures, and providing skills to caregivers in Malawi (PEPFAR with UNICEF) Support groups and training to identify psychological and social needs of children affected by HIV and AIDS for families and caregivers in Kenya (DOD/PEPFAR) Training to increase capacity of social workers and para-social workers in Tanzania, Ethiopia, Nigeria (HRSA/PEPFAR) Parenting clubs for those who care for children (siblings, aunts, uncles, grandparents, foster parents, and neighbors as well as biological parents), based on a Parents Curriculum in Cambodia (USAID/PEPFAR) Savings and Internal Lending Communities (SILC) linked with OVC programs to provide children and their guardians with reliable financial services and basic financial education, leading to increased access to credit, increased savings, food security, and ability to pay for health care in Rwanda. (USAID/PEPFAR)

  19. COUNTRIES WHERE PEPFAR IS INVESTING IN CW/CP SYSTEMS STRENGTHENING Botswana Cote d’Ivoire Guyana Haiti India Democratic Republic of the Congo Dominican Republic Ethiopia Kenya Lesotho Liberia Malawi Namibia Nigeria South Africa Swaziland Tanzania Uganda Vietnam Zambia Zimbabwe

  20. USG support to Strengthen FamiliesExamples Programs that focus on family preservation, foster care, family-type homes, domestic adoption in Ukraine (DCOF) Research on family economic empowerment interventions for families caring for children affected by HIV and AIDS in Uganda (NIH) Family reunification for institutionalized children at risk or affected by armed conflict and violence in Sri Lanka (DCOF)

  21. USG Support to Strengthen FamiliesExamples Alternatives to state institutions to increase the number of children living with biological or adopted families or in family-like environments in Belarus (DCOF) Support to local NGOS to reunite street children with families and prevent children from moving to the street in Zambia. (DCOF) Child Welfare reform in Europe and Eurasia in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Romania, Russia, and Ukraine (USAID/E&E)

  22. USG support for Child Protection Examples Strengthening national child protection systems in Guatemala, Cambodia, Liberia (DCOF with UNICEF) Protect survivors of trafficking in Liberia (DOS/GTIP) Withdraw or prevent 144,890 children from exploitive child labor in FY09 (DOL/ILAB) Support and strengthen child welfare systems in eight countries in Europe and Eurasia (USAID/E&E) Assist demobilized children to reintegrate into society in Colombia (USAID with IOM)

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