An Introduction to Financial Management

1. An Introduction to Financial Management Presented by Ms CharmainJ. Francis

2. What is Financial Management? Financial Management is about planning Income and Expenditure, and making decisions that will enable you to survive financially.

3. Financial Planning • Making sure that the organisation can survive

4. Financial Planning • Making sure that the organisation can survive • Making sure the money is being spent in the most efficient way

5. Financial Planning • Making sure that the organisation can survive • Making sure the money is being spent in the most efficient way 1. A mother is trying to decide whether to buy her daughter a new dress now, or wait until next summer so that she does not grow out of the dress too soon.

6. Financial Planning • Making sure that the organisation can survive • Making sure the money is being spent in the most efficient way 2. A school governing body is working out how much money they have, because they want to buy new desks for the Grade 1 classroom.

7. Financial Planning • Making sure that the organisation can survive • Making sure the money is being spent in the most efficient way 3. The treasurer of the church is working out how much it will cost to make certain improvements to the sanctuary.

8. Financial Planning • Making sure that the organisation can survive • Making sure the money is being spent in the most efficient way • Making sure that the money is being spent to fulfil the objectives of the organisation

9. Financial Planning • Making sure that the organisation can survive • Making sure the money is being spent in the most efficient way • Making sure that the money is being spent to fulfil the objectives of the organisation • Being able to plan for the future of the organisation in a realistic way.

10. Financial Planning

11. Financial Accountability • Financial Accountability Being able to give an account of the way the money is spent to: • Donors • Boards and committees members, and • The people whom the money is meant to benefit

12. Financial Accountability • Financial Responsibility • Not taking on obligations the organisation cannot meet • Paying staff and accounts on time • Keeping proper records of the money that comes into the organisation and goes out of the organisation

13. Financial Decision-making • INVESTMENTS

14. Financial Decision-making • INVESTMENTS • What is the investment for? Types of investment: • Capital Expense • Increase inventory • New product line • New outlet • New staffing or staff development and training • House and/or Land, car • Education • Fixed deposit (for returns)

15. Financial Decision-making • INVESTMENTS • What is the investment for? • What are the risks associated with that investment?

16. Financial Decision-making • INVESTMENTS Risks • Business Risk

17. Financial Decision-making • INVESTMENTS Risks • Business Risk • Valuation Risk

18. Financial Decision-making • INVESTMENTS Risks • Business Risk • Valuation Risk • Force of Sale Risk

19. Financial Decision-making • INVESTMENTS • What is the investment for? • What are the risks associated with that investment? • What is the cost/benefit of that investment?

20. Financial Decision-making Cost Benefit Analysis- Purchase of New machine • Purchase of Machine .................... -$20,000includes interest and taxes • Installation of Machine ..................... -3,125including screens & removal of existing machines • Increased Revenue .......................... 27,520net value of additional 100 units per hour, 1 shift/day, 5 days/week • Reduced Labour Costs ....................... 18,5853 operators salary plus labour o/h • New Operator ................................. -8,321salary plus overhead. Includes training • Utilities ............................................ -250power consumption increase for new machine • Insurance ......................................... -180premiums increase • Square footage ...................................... 0no additional floor space is required • Net Savings per Month ........................... $14,229

21. Financial Decision-making • INVESTMENTS • What is the investment for? • What are the risks associated with that investment? • What is the cost/benefit of that investment? • What resources are necessary to ensure the success of that investment?

22. Financial Decision-making • RESOURCES BUSINESS:- • Cash • Expertise • Staffing • Equipment INDIVIDUAL:- • Funding • Expertise • Time • Residual Income

23. Financial Decision-making • FINANCING • Short-Term (from 1 day to 1 year) • Long-Term (from 1year 1month to 25years)

24. Financial Decision-making FINANCING • Short-Term (from 1 day to 1 year) • Bank overdraft • Trade credit • Credit card • Lease • Bank loans

25. Financial Decision-making FINANCING • Long-Term (from 1year 1month to 25years) • Term Loans from Banks • Shares • Debentures • Retained earning • Public Deposits

26. Financial Decision-making Famous Quotes and Inspirational Sayings • Always live within your income, even if you have to borrow money to do so – Josh Billings • Before borrowing money from a friend it's best to decide which you need most – Joe Moore • Being rich isn't about money. Being rich is a state of mind. Some of us, no matter how much money we have, will never be free enough to take time to stop and eat the heart of the watermelon. And some of us will be rich without ever being more than a pay check ahead of the game – Harvey B Mackay • Honour the LORD with your substance, and with the first fruits of all your increase: So shall your barns be filled with plenty, and your presses shall burst out with new wine. (Proverbs 3:9,10)

27. THANK YOU!!!!! Please join us next week when we will have a look at BUDGETING