Multi-faceted causes of physical disabilities in COLOMBIA!

1. Multi-faceted causes of physical disabilities in COLOMBIA! BY: JULIANA ENRIQUEZ, MARIA PAULA CAICEDO ALEJANDRO ORDOÑEZ

2. WHAT IS PHYSICAL DISABILITIy? • Physical disability is the limitation or a problem in the function of a part of the body also is the restriction of the use of some part of the body.

3. CAUSES OF MAIN DISABILITY? • Prenatal causes: Those disabilities that are acquired before the birth ( in the mother’s uterus), These can be caused by diseases or medicaments used during the pregnancy, or also genetically.

4. Perinatal causes: Those disabilities which are caused during the birth, these can be caused by lack of oxygen during the birth, damage of the brain or the baby being born prematurely.

5. Postnatal causes: Those disabilities which are acquired after the birth, these are caused by accidents, infections or other illnesses.

6. Types of physical disabilities: • Mobility Impairment: these are the type of physical disabilities which you cant move or you don’t have a part of the body, for the rest of your life but then you can use a prosthesis. People who are quadriplegic ( that have a broken back so they cannot move any part of the body just the head) also are in this category.

7. Visual Impairment: these are the types of physical disabilities that are not very serious problems that affect the eyes for example a scratched cornea or dry eyes.

8. Hearing Impairment: these is the type of physical disability in which you are completely deaf.

9. MINES • A land mine is an explosive device which is planted under the ground and with just a little step it can blow out. These explosives can cause damage by a direct blast or by parts that are thrown by the blast. They can remain years until they are deactivated.

10. VICTIMS • 10.001 victims= • 6.222 military • 3.779 civil of which 968 kids and teenagers

11. WHY ARE THEY MADE? • These mines are designed to kill or injure somebody who steps in them, they are mostly created to leave an injury for the people rather than to kill them, because that way they can create more trauma and pain. Like that the people who create them can injure the enemy and make them pay if they want to stop them planting Land mines. Some of these mines are also really powerful that even they can destroy a vehicle. They are usually placed alone ( not in groups ) and are often used for terrorism. They are designed to destroy or disable enemy targets as they step or pass near over it.

12. HOW ARE THEY MADE? • Land mines are mostly made out of plastic and they can be hided under the ground, in toys, a box of cigarettes, a plastic bag or anything that seems inoffensive. In the inside they have pellets, broken gas, pointy stuff or sometimes gases and acid to infect or poison victims. They can be made out of wood, iron metal or as said before mostly of plastic.

13. Who makes them? • In Colombia this Land mines are mostly planted by the guerrilla or also known as LAS FARC. Some of these mines weren't planted right at this moment, as we said before these mines can last more than 10 years without being deactivated, but also some of these mines were planted just to make harm and injure the people, the FARC do this to show power also so the government can be afraid of them.

14. HOW CAN YOU DEACTIVATE THEM? • Nowadays there are various machines to deactivate the land mines, these are controlled by the army, they are the only ones allowed in Colombia to deactivate the land mines. But most of these deactivations aren't successful that’s why the best thing to do is try to avoid them, also the army uses a machine to detect them, and then they warn the people so they don’t go through those mined camps.

15. WHAT DOES SCIENCE HAS TO DO WITH MINES? • Science interferes in how are the mines made. When you step on a mine and instantly it explodes, How do you do this?, well science makes the mines explode by the pressure when someone steps or steps near the landmine. This mines and their explosions have affected socially Colombia leaving the people trauma and pain, also scared of walking in any camp.

16. Environmentally • Environmentally the land mines affect because when they explode they do not only blow up the person or animal, but also the space and plants around it, and then there the earth becomes non- fertile and then you cant grow anything there.

17. economically • Economically it affects the government, because the activation of the land mines only costs 1,8 Euros but for the government to deactivate it, this costs 718 Euros, so with all these mines that are planted, the government has to use alot of money to deactivate them.

18. CULTURE Land mines affect also sometimes the culture because nowadays the farmers of Colombia cant farm because they are scared that the ground would blow them up, Indigenous people loose their culture also because of this same problem, so then we all start loosing our culture just because we are afraid to go out to the camp and that a Land mine blows us up.

19. OUR POINT OF VIEW OF THE SITUATION • Mainlywedontseethepoint in this “fight” Becausereallywhoends up winning? Colombia suffersbecause of thevictims and of themoneyitcost. And thepeoplewhoputthemonlyendup doingharm and “showingwho has more power”