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Technology: Then and Now

What Can We Do to Make Technology Work Michael Russell Damian Bebell, Laura O’Dwyer, David Reider, Helena Miranda, Jen Higins, Kathleen O’Connor, Tom Hoffmann, Jen Fontana and Lizzie O’Brien. Technology: Then and Now. 1907. 2002. Computers in K-5 Classrooms Today.

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Technology: Then and Now

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  1. What Can We Do to Make Technology WorkMichael RussellDamian Bebell, Laura O’Dwyer, David Reider, Helena Miranda, Jen Higins, Kathleen O’Connor, Tom Hoffmann, Jen Fontana and Lizzie O’Brien

  2. Technology: Then and Now

  3. 1907

  4. 2002

  5. Computers in K-5 Classrooms Today

  6. Typewriters in K-3 Classrooms in 1930

  7. Use, Support and Effect of Instructional Technology (USEIT) Study • What are students and teachers doing with technology? • How do these uses vary across settings? • What factors contribute to this variation? • What effects do these uses have on teaching and learning?

  8. USEIT Study • 3+ Year Study • 22 Massachusetts Districts • Surveys • 112 District Leaders, 120 Principals, 4,000 teachers, 13,300 studentsLinked to each other • Site Visits and 400+ Interviews • Case Studies

  9. Sample 4 Small Urban 5 Rural 13 Suburban

  10. Vision Leadership Community Resources Prof. Development. District Level Physical Infra. Support/Personnel Curriculum &Instructional Model Policies and Standards School Leadership Principal. Beliefs School School Culture Principal. Preparedness Teacher Beliefs Resources Teacher Preparedness Education Class Students Use Home Resource

  11. Vision Leadership Community Resources Prof. Development. District Level Physical Infra. Support/Personnel Curriculum &Instructional Model Policies and Standards School Leadership Principal. Beliefs School School Culture Principal. Preparedness Teacher Beliefs Resources Teacher Preparedness Education Class Students Use Home Resource

  12. How We Defined Technology • Computer-based • Hardware • Software • Peripherals • PDA, AlphaSmarts, LCD Projectors, Digital Cameras, Scanners, Probes • Internet, Networks, and e-Mail • Not Graphing Calculators

  13. USEIT Study Implications for Leadership • Students: Access and Use • Teachers and Technology Use • District Programs

  14. Students Use Computers at Home How much time do you spend using a computer at home?

  15. Students Use the Internet at HomeFor Fun and School For Fun For School

  16. Students Write with Computers How often do you use your home computer to write papers for school?

  17. Students Use Computers in School, But less than at Home Grade 5

  18. Students Use Computers Most Often in Science Grade 8

  19. Students Use Computers Most Often in English Grade 11

  20. 5th Graders Use Computers in School More than 8th and 11th Graders

  21. Teachers Use Computers During Instruction Less than Students

  22. What Explains the Differences? Accessibility Ownership Commitment

  23. The Special Case of Laptop Classrooms

  24. Research Question: • What happens when the student to computer ratio is increased to 1:1 in upper elementary classrooms? • 4 classrooms given full student access to laptop computers • “Status quo” is a rotating cart of laptop computers

  25. 4th grade 5th grade 1:1 Laptops 2 classrooms 2 classrooms Shared Laptops 2 classrooms 3 classrooms Participants 9 Elementary classrooms

  26. Data Collection • Student Surveys (n=209) • Student Drawings(n=209) • Think about the work you do in your classroom. In the space below, draw a picture of yourself writing in school. • Teacher Surveys • Teacher Interviews • Next Fall: Look at relationship with student achievement via 2003 MCAS

  27. Students Use of Technology at School Quick comparison between Laptop Classrooms and USEIT Districts: Mean 5th grade Technology use in schools 2 =15 min or less 3 =15-60 min 4 =1-2 hrs 5= 2+ hrs

  28. Use of Technology in School - Students 1= Never 2=Once a month 3=Once a week 4=Every day

  29. Students Use of Technology in School 1= Never 2=Once a month 3=Once a week 4=Every day

  30. Teacher’s Use of Technology 1= Never 2=Once a month 3=Once a week 4=Every day

  31. Students Home Use of Technology • Robust access (connectivity) and use • Difference in types of home use 2=Almost Never 5=Every day

  32. Teachers and Technology

  33. Teacher’s VALUE Older Technologies

  34. Values Shift with Experience

  35. Access Is Major Obstacle

  36. Teachers Have Students Use Computers in Variety of Ways

  37. Teachers Use Computers for a Variety of Purposes

  38. What Do We Mean by Technology Use? • Delivering Instruction • Teacher-directed Student Use • Teacher-directed Student Technology Product • Preparing for Instruction • Communicating via E-mail • Recording Grades • Accommodating Lessons

  39. Relative teacher technology use Preparation for Instruction Communicating via Email Directed Student Use Teacher-directed Student Technology Products Recording Grades Delivering Instruction Accommodating Lessons

  40. Correlation of Technology Uses Accom- Email Instruc- Prepa- Student Student Grading modation Use tional ration Use Product Use Use Use Accommodation Use Email Use Instructional Use Preparation Use Student Use Student Product Grading 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.44 1.00 1.00 0.46 1.00 1.00

  41. Correlation of Technology Uses Accom- Email Instruc- Prepa- Student Student Grading modation Use tional ration Use Product Use Use Use Accommodation Use Email Use Instructional Use Preparation Use Student Use Student Product Grading 1.00 0.36 1.00 0.36 1.00 0.44 0.34 1.00 0.33 1.00 0.46 1.00 1.00

  42. Correlation of Technology Uses Accom- Email Instruc- Prepa- Student Student Grading modation Use tional ration Use Product Use Use Use Accommodation Use Email Use Instructional Use Preparation Use Student Use Student Product Grading 1.00 0.25 0.22 0.29 0.23 0.09 1.00 0.23 0.21 0.17 0.16 1.00 0.25 0.22 1.00 0.29 0.24 1.00 0.04 1.00 0.24 1.00

  43. Promoting Teacher Uses • Be specific about type of use • Design support and professional development targeted at a Specific Use • Consider impacts of use separately

  44. Factors Related to Teacher Technology Uses

  45. Vision Leadership Community Resources Prof. Development. District Level Physical Infra. Support/Personnel Curriculum &Instructional Model Policies and Standards School Leadership Principal. Beliefs School School Culture Principal. Preparedness Teacher Beliefs Resources Teacher Preparedness Education Class Students Use Home Resource

  46. Factors Influencing Teacher Technology Use • 29 Independent variable scales developed through exploratory analysis and the literature • These include measures of: • School/District Vision • Teacher Pedagogy • Teacher Philosophy • Leadership • School culture • Technology support • Technology access and distribution • Professional Development + demographic variables

  47. Teacher Use of Technology for Delivery

  48. Teacher Use of Technology for Delivery

  49. Teacher-directed Student Use of Technology During Class Time

  50. Teacher-directed Student Use of Technology During Class Time

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