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Electricity and magnetism connection

Electricity and magnetism connection. History. In 1820 Hans Christian Oersted discovered electricity passing through a wire created a magnetic field However the only way to create an electric current at the time was reacting expensive materials (forerunner to a modern battery)

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Electricity and magnetism connection

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  1. Electricity and magnetism connection

  2. History • In 1820 Hans Christian Oersted discovered electricity passing through a wire created a magnetic field • However the only way to create an electric current at the time was reacting expensive materials (forerunner to a modern battery) • This is completely impractical to provide electricity on a large scale

  3. Discovery • A moving magnetic field can also create and electric current • This was discovered separately and simultaneously by Michael Faraday in Britain and Joseph Henry in America in 1831. • Both moved a coil of wire over a magnet and saw a current was created, and the current created a magnetic field.

  4. Electromagnetic Induction • ~ the creation of a magnetic field by electric current or the creation of an electric current by a magnetic field. • The amount of voltage depends on how quickly either the magnet or wire is moving. • Faster motion means a higher voltage will be created.

  5. Faraday’s Law • ~The induced voltage in a coil is proportional to the product of the number of loops and the rate at which the magnetic field changes within those loops. • The voltage also depends upon the number of loops it is passing through

  6. Eddy Current • Moving a magnetic field through a conductor shaped in a cylinder. (or vice versa) • causes a circulating flow of current (eddy) • The resistance in the conductor causes a dragging effect (like friction) slowing the magnet down. • These are used as breaking systems at the end of some roller coasters

  7. Eddy Forces

  8. Generators • Generators produce electricity by spinning a coil of wire in front of permanent magnets. • Since it keeps going back and forth it produces an alternating current. • If you want a DC current you have use a commutator (works the same as the stuff in a DC motor)

  9. Alternating Current • Remember alternating current simply sway back and forth • They don’t move through (constantly in one direction) a wire • The electrons have a net movement forward, then backward (repeat) • This is why alternating current generators are called an alternator

  10. Generator DC generator in action AC generator in action

  11. Generators • The shaft of the loop of wires is connected to a turbine. • The goal of all electric power plants is to get a turbine to spin. • By spinning this turbine we can convert mechanical (kinetic) energy to electromagnetic energy.

  12. Types of power plants • Hydroelectric- put a turbine in a river or water fall and let the water spin the turbine. • Coal- burn coal to boil water, steam rises and spins a turbine. • Nuclear- same as coal but use a nuclear fission to boil water.

  13. Hydroplant

  14. Coal Plant

  15. Nuclear power plant

  16. homework • Pg 758 • 1-10

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