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Greek and Roman Mythology

Greek and Roman Mythology. A Review of The Principal Gods and Goddesses. What Is a Myth ?. A traditional story rooted in beliefs of cultures Uses the supernatural to interpret natural events Explains the culture’s view of the universe and the nature of humanity. In the Beginning .

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Greek and Roman Mythology

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  1. Greek and Roman Mythology A Review of The Principal Gods and Goddesses

  2. What Is a Myth? • A traditional story rooted in beliefs of cultures • Uses the supernatural to interpret natural events • Explains the culture’s view of the universe and the nature of humanity

  3. In the Beginning... • …was Chaos (shapeless nothingness) • Chaos had two children: • Night (darkness) • Erebus (death) • “All was black, empty, silent, endless.” • Mysteriously, Love was born of darkness and death.

  4. And then... • When Love was born, order and beauty began to flourish. • Love created Light and Day. • Earth was created. • She was the solid ground, but also a personality. • The Earth bore Heaven to cover her and be a home for the gods.

  5. The First Parents • Mother Earth = Gaea (Gaia) • Father Heaven = Ouranos (Uranus) • They had three kinds of children: • Three monsters w/100 hands and 50 heads • Three Cyclopes • The Titans • These were the first characters that had the appearance of life, although it was unlike any life known to man.

  6. The Titans (The Elder Gods) • Enormous size, incredible strength • Cronos (Saturn): Ruler of the Titans • Rhea: Wife of Cronos • Ocean: River that encircled the world • Iapetus: Father of Prometheus, Epimetheus, and Atlas (also titans)

  7. Cronos and Rhea were parents of Greek (Roman) Zeus (Jupiter, Jove) Poseidon (Neptune) Hades (Pluto) Hera (Juno) Hestia (Vesta) Demeter (Ceres) Other Olympians include Athena (Minerva) Ares (Mars) Hebe (Juventas) Hephaestus (Vulcan) Apollo (Apollo) Artemis (Diana) Hermes (Mercury) Aphrodite (Venus) Dionysus (Bacchus) Persephone The Principal Gods

  8. The Olympians

  9. Zeus (Jove) • Fathered many characters in mythology • Lightning

  10. Hera (Juno) • Jealous protector of marriage • Punished the women Zeus fell in love with

  11. Poseidon (Neptune) • Roman Name: Neptune • God of the Seas and Waters • “The Earthshaker”

  12. Hades (Pluto) • God of the Underworld/ Dead • Kidnapped Persephone

  13. Hestia (Vesta) • Goddess of Home • Powerful Protector

  14. Demeter (Ceres) • Goddess of the Harvest • A Goddess of the Earth

  15. Athena (Miverva) • Roman Name: Minerva • Goddess of Wisdom and War • Sprang from Zeus’s head

  16. Ares (Mars) • God of War • Son of Zeus and Hera • Bloodthirsty and merciless

  17. Hephaestus (Vulcan) • God of Fire/Forge • Son of Zeus and Hera • Kind, unlike his brother

  18. Apollo • God of Light/Sun and Music • Brother of Artemis

  19. Artemis (Diana) • Goddess of the Moon/ Hunt • Sister to Apollo

  20. Hermes (Mercury) • Messenger of the Gods • Appears in more myths than any other character

  21. Aphrodite (Venus) • Goddess of Love and Beauty • Sprang from the ocean foam

  22. Dionysus (Bacchus) • God of Wine • Patron god of the Greek stage • A God of the Earth

  23. Persephone (Proserpina) • Goddess of the Underworld • Daughter of Zeus and Demeter • Abducted by Hades

  24. Hebe (Juventus) • Goddess of Youth • Cupbearer to the Gods • Restored youth to the aged

  25. Eros (Cupid) • Young God of Love • Son of Aphrodite and Hephaestus

  26. Iris • Goddess of the Rainbow • Messenger for Zeus and Hera • Daughter of the titan Thaumus and the nymph Electra

  27. Nine daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne Inspired artists of all kinds Goddesses who presided over the arts and sciences “He is happy whom the muses love.” The Muses Clio, Urania, Thalia, Melpomene, Erato, Calliope, Euterpe, Terpsichore, Polyhymnia

  28. The Graces • Three Goddesses of Grace and Beauty • “They give life its bloom.” • Aglaia (Splendor) • Euphrosyne (Mirth) • Thalia (Good Cheer)

  29. The Erinnyes (The Furies) • Roman Name: Furiae or Dirae (The Furies) • Three Goddesses of Vengeance • Tisiphone • Alecto • Megaera • They punish evildoers.

  30. The Fates • Roman Name: Parcae, Moirae • Three sisters • Clotho (“The Spinner”) • Lachesis (“The disposer of lots”) • Atropos (“The cutter”) • They weave, measure, and cut the thread of life for humans.

  31. The Satyrs • Gods of the woods and mountains • “Shepherd gods” • Goat men (like Pan) • Companions of Dionysus • They like to drink, dance, and chase nymphs.

  32. The Gorgons • Three snake-haired monsters • Medusa is most well-known • Their look turns men to stone.

  33. The Centaurs • Half man, half horse • Savage creatures (except Chiron) • Followers of Dionysus

  34. Sources • Graphics in this presentation were taken from the following web sites: • http://www.bulfinch.org/fables/search.html • http://www.pantheon.org/ • http://www.messagenet.com/myths/ • http://mythman.com/ • http://web.uvic.ca/grs/bowman/myth/index.html • http://www.paleothea.com/ • http://www.entrenet.com/%7Egroedmed/greekm/myth.html • This presentation is for educational purposes only; it has not been and should not be sold or used as a vehicle to make money.

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