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IGNEOUS ROCKS

IGNEOUS ROCKS. Pg 99 text book. http://my.hrw.com. What you will learn. Describe three ways that igneous rock forms. Explain how the cooling rate of magma affects the texture of igneous rock.

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IGNEOUS ROCKS

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  1. IGNEOUS ROCKS Pg 99 text book http://my.hrw.com

  2. What you will learn • Describe three ways that igneous rock forms. • Explain how the cooling rate of magma affects the texture of igneous rock. • Distinguish between igneous rock that cools within Earth’s crust and igneous rock that cools at Earth’s surface.

  3. http://www.webquest.hawaii.edu/kahihi/sciencedictionary/images/magma_flow_up.gifhttp://www.webquest.hawaii.edu/kahihi/sciencedictionary/images/magma_flow_up.gif What is the origin of Igneous Rock? Igneous rock begins as magma

  4. There are three ways magma can form: when rock is heated, when pressure is released, when rock changes composition. What are the ways that magma can form?

  5. Put a drawing like this on pg 37 in your nb

  6. What happens to magma when it cools at different rates? The longerit takes for the magma or lava to cool, the more time mineral crystals have to grow. The more timethe crystals have to grow, the larger the crystals. The larger the crystals are the coarser the texture of the resulting igneous rock is.

  7. What happens to magma when it cools at different rates? The less time magma takes to cool, the less time crystals have to grow. Therefore, the rock that is formed will be fine grained.

  8. Fine-grained igneous rock contains very small crystals, or if the cooling is very rapid, it contains no crystals. What happens to magma when it cools at different rates?

  9. What are the Compositions and Textures ofIgneous Rock? What are examples of each type?

  10. What is Intrusive Igneous Rock? Magma that cools and solidifies deep within the Earth’s crust.

  11. What is Intrusive Igneous Rock? Magma that intrudes, or pushes, into surrounding rock below the Earth’s surface and cools.

  12. Usually has a coarse-grained texture because it is well insulated by surrounding rock and cools very slowly. The minerals that form are large, visible crystals. What is Intrusive Igneous Rock?

  13. Plutons Batholiths Stocks Dikes What are the different masses of intrusive igneous rock named and why? Masses of intrusive igneous rock are named for their size and shape

  14. Plutonsare large, irregular-shaped intrusive bodies. The largest of all igneous intrusions arebatholiths. Stocksare intrusive bodies that are exposed over smaller areas than batholiths. Dikessheetlike intrusions that cut across previous rock units. Sills are sheetlike intrusions that are oriented parallel to previous rock units. Plutons Batholiths Stocks Dikes Sills

  15. PLUTONS

  16. Where would I find Extrusive Igneous Rock? Magma that erupts, or extrudes, onto the Earth’s surface. Extrusive rock is common around volcanoes.

  17. Lavacools quickly on the surface and contains very small crystals or no crystals. What type of texture do extrusive igneous rock have?

  18. Lava does not always flow from volcanoes. Sometimes lava erupts and flows from long cracks in the Earth’s crust called fissures. Does lava always come from volcanoes?

  19. Lava flows from fissures on the ocean floor at places where tension is causing the ocean floor to be pulled apart. • When a large amount of lava flows out of fissures onto land, the lava can cover a large area and form a plain called a lavaplateau. Where do we find fissures?

  20. Sedimentary Rock Pg 44 in nb Pg 102 in tb

  21. What You Will Learn • Describe the origin of sedimentary rock. • Describe the three main categories of sedimentary rock. • Describe three types of sedimentary structures.

  22. Rock and mineral fragments called sediment What are the origins of Sedimentary Rocks? sediment plume from Moore Creek entering Dog River. http://www.usouthal.edu/geography/fearn/480page/98Gerrit/SedPlume.html

  23. Wind Water Ice Sunlight Gravity What are the agents of weatheringthat make sediment?

  24. How do sediments movefrom one place to another? Through the process of erosion.

  25. Layers of sediment are deposited, they cover older layers. Older layers become compacted. Dissolved minerals separate from water that passes through the sediment. Dissolved minerals form a natural cement Cement binds the rock and mineral fragments together. How are sedimentary rocks formed?

  26. Sedimentary rock forms at or near the Earth’s surface. It forms without the heat and pressure that are involved in the formation of igneous and metamorphic rocks.

  27. http://app.discoveryeducation.com/search http://app.discoveryeducation.com/player/?assetGuid=a72f3d7a-fdfe-4fca-8273-cf8fed417e11&fromMyDe=0&isPrinterFriendly=0&provider=&isLessonFromHealth=0&productcode=US&isAssigned=false&includeHeader=YES&homeworkGuid=

  28. Layers ofsedimentary rock. What is strata? http://davidkanaga.blogspot.com/2011/07/sediments-and-sedimentary-rocks.html

  29. How is sedimentary rock is classified? Sedimentary rock is classified by the way it forms. Clastic,Chemical, and Organic

  30. Clastic sedimentary rock is made of fragments of rocks cemented together by a mineral such as calcite or quartz. What is clastic Sedimentary Rock?

  31. By the size of the fragments from which the rock is made. How is clastic sedimentary rock is classified? Pg 103

  32. Chemical sedimentary rock forms from solutions of dissolved minerals and water. How is chemical sedimentary rock formed? Halite, one type of chemical sedimentary rock, is made of sodium chloride, NaCl, or table salt.

  33. What is Organic Sedimentary Rock and what are some examples. Limestone forms from the remains, or fossils, of animals that once lived in the ocean. Coalforms underground when partially decomposed plant material is buried beneath sediment and is changed into coal by increasing heat and pressure.

  34. fossiliferous limestone coal

  35. Stratification is the process in which sedimentary rocks are arranged in layers. Ripple marks, record the motion of wind and water waves on lakes, oceans, rivers, and sand dunes in features called Structures called mud cracks What are some Sedimentary Rock Structures?

  36. ripple marks

  37. Mud Cracks http://www.answersincreation.org/curriculum/geology/geology_chapter_6.htm

  38. Metamorphic rockspg 106 textpg 48nb

  39. If the temperature or pressure of the new environment is different from the one in which the rock formed, the rock will undergo metamorphism. Origins of Metamorphic Rock The word metamorphism comes from the Greek words meta, which means “changed,” morphos, which means “shape.”

  40. Contact metamorphism is a change in the texture or structure of a rock resulting from the contact of invading magmatic material. Texture and structure of metamorphic rocks

  41. Regional metamorphism is metamorphism that affects rocks over large areas, instead of in only a local area. Texture and structure of metamorphic rocks

  42. 107

  43. p107

  44. Hornfels is a fine-grained nonfoliated metamorphic rock with no specific composition. It is produced by contact metamorphism. Hornfels is a rock that was "baked" while near a heat source such as a magma chamber, sill or dike.

  45. Regional metamorphic area http://www.geol.umd.edu/~jmerck/geol100/lectures/16.html

  46. The minerals calcite, quartz, and hematite combine and recrystallize to form the metamorphic mineral garnet. P.108

  47. index minerals, Scientists can understand a metamorphic rock’s history by observing the minerals the rock contains. Theses minerals are called index minerals p108

  48. Foliated. The texture of metamorphic rock in which the mineralgrains are arranged in planes or bands Textures of Metamorphic Rock

  49. Nonfoliated. The texture of metamorphic rock in which the mineral grains are not arranged in planes or bands Textures of Metamorphic Rock

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