170 likes | 651 Views
Song (Sung) Dynasty 960-1279. Same dynasty but when N. Song was lost to N. tribes in 1127 the name changes. Song Overview. prosperous economy/ trade along Silk Road radiant culture with goods and entertainment from all over the world Most urban Chinese culture Beginning of modern China
E N D
Song (Sung) Dynasty960-1279 Sui, Tang and Song China Same dynasty but when N. Song was lost to N. tribes in 1127 the name changes
Sui, Tang and Song China Song Overview • prosperous economy/ trade along Silk Road • radiant culture with goods and entertainment from all over the world • Most urban Chinese culture • Beginning of modern China • Strongest empire in the world at this time
Sui, Tang and Song China Song Politics • effective centralized bureaucracy • Elite families important locally • Official must pass the Civil Service Exam • the mercantile class grew in power as they became wealthy Zhao Kuang-yin founder of Song
Sui, Tang and Song China Song Economics • Agriculture improved = more food • paper currency used regularly • private trade grew, and a market economy began to link the coastal provinces and the interior. • Much trade along Silk Road, Grand Canal and coastal regions of China and SE Asia
Sui, Tang and Song China Song Grain Mill
Sui, Tang and Song China Song Religion • Confucianism remains the most important official philosophy • Neo-Confucianism added metaphysical answers to many Buddhist questions • Buddhism continued • Taoism also • Ancestor worship
Sui, Tang and Song China Song Social Life • Poor farmers’ remain the same as always; women still oppressed • City life improves with better food, music, art, and great entertainment • Many opportunities for travel • Education increases in the city • House and architecture improve
Sui, Tang and Song China Song Intellectual Life • magnetic compass and calculator (the abacus) invented • Education improved since schools were abundant.Woodblock printing made books more widely available. • Confucian scholars wererespected • Military was not respected
Sui, Tang and Song China Song Art • monumental landscape painting • often done in a watercolor/ink wash style • Great poetry continues • FYI (no notes) • First panting called Games in the Jinming Pool, by Chinese artist Zhang Zerui, a silk painting with dimensions of 28.6 by 28.5 cm, dated to the Northern Song Dynasty (960-1127 AD). It depicts the imperial gardens of Kaifeng, the capital city of China during the Northern Song
Sui, Tang and Song China • the artist captures the atmosphere of the southern China • The trees in the foreground appear as dark silhouettes against the misty mountains in the distance which are painted in pale ink washes. • Mi Youren is a son of Mi Fu (1051-1107), one of the four great Song masters.
Sui, Tang and Song China Fall of the Song • Heavy dependence on growth of civilian government at expense of military • By 1127, the Song court could not push back the Northern nomadic invaders • Cut the size of the Song about in half
1279 Coming of the Mongols (Yuan Dynasty) • Empire fell because they stopped emphasizing military and relied on wealth • Often hired N. tribes to defend China • Corruption in govt lost confidence of the peasants Sui, Tang and Song China