1 / 14

Bonding Videos and Animations

Bonding Videos and Animations. Bonding. Intro to Ionic/Covalent Video. Bonding. What is the “goal” of atoms? What makes them happy? To achieve a filled valence shell. To do this, atoms must gain or lose electrons to form ions. Others share electrons.

eleanor-knight
Download Presentation

Bonding Videos and Animations

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Bonding Videos and Animations

  2. Bonding • Intro to Ionic/Covalent Video

  3. Bonding • What is the “goal” of atoms? What makes them happy? • To achieve a filled valence shell. • To do this, atoms must gain or lose electrons to form ions. Others share electrons. • Ion- an atom that has gained or lost an electron, and therefore has a positive or negative charge based on the number of electrons it has lost.

  4. The type of bond can usually be calculated by finding the difference in electronegativity of the two atoms that are going together.

  5. Electronegativity Difference • If the difference in electronegativities is between: • 1.7 to 4.0: Ionic • 0.3 to 1.7: Polar Covalent • 0.0 to 0.3: Non-Polar Covalent • Example: NaCl • Na = 0.8, Cl = 3.0 • Difference is 2.2, so • this is an ionic bond!

  6. Ions • Cation- positively charged ion • Anion- negatively charge ion

  7. Ionic Bonding • Ionic Bond- complete transferof 1 or more electrons from one atom to another (one loses, the other gains) forming oppositely charged ions that attract one another • Good Animation on Ionic Bonding

  8. Covalent Bonding • Covalent Bond- some valence electrons are shared between atoms to achieve a “full” valence shell.

  9. •• •• Cl H H Cl • • + • • •• •• Covalent Bond Formation A bond can result from an overlap of atomic orbitals on neighboring atoms. Overlap of H (1s) and Cl(3p) Note that each atom has a single, unpaired electron.

  10. Review of Valence Electrons • Remember that valence electrons are the electrons in the OUTERMOST energy level… that’s why we did all those electron configurations! • B is 1s2 2s2 2p1; so the outer energy level is 2, and there are 2+1 = 3 electrons in level 2. These are the valence electrons! • Br is [Ar] 4s2 3d10 4p5How many valence electrons are present?

  11. So how can we write out a compound that is bonded? • 2 Methods: • Draw up the Lewis Dot Structures. • Swap Charges (works only for ionic) • How to Make Ionic Bonds

  12. Lewis Dot Structure • Step 1, determine the # of valence electrons (either through group # for first 18 or through looking at electron configuration) • If you can lose them, then you get a + charge. Why? • If you need them, you get a (-) charge. Why? • Step 2, Then write the Atomic Symbol, surrounded by the electrons represented as dots.

  13. Lewis Dot Structure Con’t • Step 3, place the dot structures next to each other (metal first if ionic bond). Then exchange dots.

  14. Switch the Charges • Write each of the atoms with their charges. • Then swap the charges down to the front of the other atom to determine how many you need of each to balance out the charges.

More Related