1 / 31

Intro to A& P

Intro to A& P. Do Now: Book Form. Your Name Your Grade Text name/author Book # $87 CD Rom $15 Todays Date Your Signature **When done Bring to instructor.

elga
Download Presentation

Intro to A& P

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Intro to A& P

  2. Do Now: Book Form • Your Name Your Grade • Text name/author Book # $87 • CD Rom $15 • Todays Date Your Signature • **When done Bring to instructor

  3. When blood oxygen levels drop, the kidneys secrete erythropoietin to signal the red bone marrow to increase rbc production. What type of feedback does this illustrate? • Positive Feedback • Negative Feedback

  4. Identifying the names of the heart valves is an example of • Anatomy • Physiology • Homeostasis • Pathology

  5. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of life? • Metabolism • Composed of cells • Respiration • Homeostasis • Reproduction

  6. Anatomy & Physiology • Anatomy – study of internal and external structures • Gross Anatomy • Surface anatomy • Regional anatomy • Systemic anatomy • Microscopic Anatomy • Cytology - cells • Histology - tissues • Physiology – how organisms and their parts function • Cell physiology • Special physiology • Systemic physiology • Pathological Physiology

  7. Review Characteristics of Life • Responsiveness – ability to respond or adapt to a changing environment • Growth – increase in size (multicellular organisms indiv. Cells become specialized called differentiation) • Reproduction – produce the next generation • Movement - internal (transport blood, food), external (move thru envirn.) • Metabolism – chem. Rxns in body including absorption of materials (ie. Respiration), excretion of waste products, digestion • Cells & Levels of Multicellular Organization • Cells-tissues-organ-organ system-organism

  8. Homeostatic Regulation • Homeostatic regulation - adjustments in physiological systems to preserve homeostasis • Dynamic process in which variable constantly fluctuates around an average value • Receptor (Afferent Pathway)–can be stimulated • Control Center – processes info from receptor • Effectors – respond by either opposing (negative feedback) or reinforcing (positive feedback) stimulus • 2 Types: +/- feedback

  9. Do Now: • Alice’s blood pressure decreases, which signals aortic receptors of the drop. The brain responds by having artery walls constrict. • What is the result? • Which theme does this illustrate? • Is it an example of positive or negative feedback? • ID receptor, Afferent pathway, control center, and efferent pathway, and effector.

  10. Negative Feedback (most common) • Negative Feedback responds by opposing stimulus • Ex. Thermoregulation (heat loss vs. production) • Set point for humans is 370C • Receptor – skin and related brain cells • Control Center – brain • Effectors as temp rises above set point • Blood vessels dilate to increase blood flow at surface • Sweat glands increase secretion (increase evaporative cooling) • Effectors as temp drops below set point • Blood vessels contract • Sweat gland activity decreases

  11. Positive feedback • Positive Feedback - reinforces stimulus, occurs during drastic events • Ex. Blood clotting • Damaged cells release chemicals to increase clotting, more chemicals released to further increase clotting • Ex. Labor delivery • Each contraction releases more hormones to increase each successive contraction • Ex. Breast Feeding

  12. Thirst sensation is a positive feedback system mechanism. • True • False

  13. Organ Systems • Integumentary System • Skeletal System • Muscular System • Nervous System • Endocrine System • Cardiovascular System • Lymphatic System • Respiratory System • Digestive System • Urinary System • Reproductive Systems

  14. Language of Anatomy • Anatomical Position – palms face forward • Supine – lying down face up • Prone – lying down face down • Abdominopelvic quadrants – intersect at umbilicus (Note: Right and Left always refer to the subject not the observer) RUQ LUQ RLQ LLQ • Anatomical Directions • Anterior – front • Posterior – back • Ventral – belly side • Dorsal – back side (opposite ventral)

  15. Identify the anatomical quadrant. • Left Upper Quadrant • Left Lower Quadrant • Right Upper Quadrant • Right Lower Quadrant

  16. Sectional Anatomy • Sectional anatomy slices a 3D object into sectional planes • Transverse plane – horizontal slice (cross section) resulting in superior (above)and inferior (below)sections • Frontal plane (coronal) – lateral slice (side to side) resulting in anterior and posterior sections • Saggittal plane – slice resulting in right and left sections

  17. Figure 1.9

  18. Which body plane divides the body into equal halves (mirror images)? • Frontal plane • Sagittal plane • Transverse plane

  19. A body part found in the right upper quadrant is superior to one in the right lower quadrant. • True • False

  20. More Anatomical Terminology • Medial – toward body • Lateral – away from body • Proximal – toward attached base • Distal – away from attached base • Cranial – head • Caudal – tail bone • Superficial – close to surface • Deep – farther from body surface

  21. Figure 1.8

  22. Your elbow is proximal to your hand. • True • False

  23. Which of the following choices would be MOST helpful for describing a wound on the skin? • Proximal • Cranial • Deep • Superficial

  24. Figure 1.6a

  25. Figure 1.6b

  26. What is the common name for the cervicis? • Neck • Arm • Hip • Knee

  27. The popliteus is the back of the… • Antecubitis • Carpus • Axilla • Patella

  28. Do Now: • Chris got hit by a deer while riding his motorcycle and sustained the following injuries: • Broke bone in his right brachial region • Tore ligaments in his cervical and tarsal regions • Damaged nerves in his pedal and phallangeal regions • Shattered bones in his carpal region Explain to him the location of his injuries.

  29. Body Cavities • Body Cavities- function to protect organs and allow changes in shape and size of organs • Ventral Body Cavity (Coelom) – divided by the diaphragm into a superior thoracic cavity and an inferior abdominopelvic cavity • Viscera – internal organs within cavity • Serous membrane lines walls of internal cavities and surfaces of viscera

  30. Body Cavities • Thoracic Cavity – 3 internal chambers • Pericardial cavity • 2 pleural cavities surrounded by pleura • Abdominopelvic Cavity • Abdominal (sup.) – liver, stomach, spleen, sm. Intestine, most of lg. intestine • Pelvic (inf.) – distal lg. intestine, urinary bladder, reproductive organs

  31. Figure 1.10

More Related