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Sławomira Pawełczyk and Anna Pazdur

Carbon isotopic composition in tree-rings: a temperature record and a tool for biomonitoring CO 2 level. Sławomira Pawełczyk and Anna Pazdur Silesian University of Technology , Institute of Physics, Department of Radioisotopes , Gliwice, Poland,. CO 2 13 C/ 12 C. respiration.

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Sławomira Pawełczyk and Anna Pazdur

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  1. Carbon isotopic composition in tree-rings:a temperature record and a tool for biomonitoring CO2 level Sławomira Pawełczyk and Anna Pazdur Silesian University of Technology, Institute of Physics, Department of Radioisotopes, Gliwice, Poland,

  2. CO2 13C/12C respiration temperature assimilation translocation glucose 13C/12C transpiration cellulose 13C/12C precipitation leaf water Photosynthesis starch 13C/12C 6CO2+6H 2O+solar energy C6H12O6+6O2 earlywood 13C/12C stomata tree-ring 13C/12C water CO2 latewood 13C/12C stem respiration evaporation reserves 13Cp – isotopic composition of plant material, 13Ca– isotopic composition of the air, a - discrimination against 13C due to diffusion ( 4.4 ‰), b - isotopic discrimination during carboxylation ( 27 ‰), ci - internal CO2concentration, ca - atmospheric CO2concentration CO2 soil water ground water

  3. Map of Poland with location of sample collection sites

  4. WOOD (cross-section of trunk) separation of tree-rings represent successive growth years separation of latewood extraction in Soxhlet’s apparatus -cellulose benzene carbon dioxide Liquid scintillation beta spectrometer QUANTULUS 1220 Mass spectrometer MI - 1305 14C 13C

  5. Kowno Wilno Augustów Augustów (53°51’N, 22°58’E) Pine Pinus sylvestris Annual average temperature (according to IMGW) Needles, seedling, seed,cone Shape of a pine crown Meteorological data: 14 Warsaw (52°12’N, 21°10’E) Kaunas (54º88’N, 23º88’E) Vilnius (54º63’N, 25º28’E) Cracow (50°03’N, 19°03’E) Cross - section fragment of trunk Diposition of temperature in Europe

  6. Sunspot numbers Aa indices Fig.1. Observed sunspot numbers and Aa indices Fig.2. 14C in the 1861-954 tree-rings of pine from Augustów Wilderness, Poland

  7. 40 20 0 -20 14C [‰] -40 -60 -80 -100 1860 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 Year This work Stuiver et al. (1998) Fig.3. 14C in the 1861-954 tree-rings of pine from Augustów Wilderness. For comparison, the measurements by Stuiver et al. arealso ploted

  8.  14C sunspot number  14C Aa indices Fig. 4. 14C in 1861 – 1898 tree-rings from Augustów Wilderness and sunspot numbers. The correlation coefficient, with 14C values delayed by 4 years is – 0.41 (n = 37, p < 0.02 ) Fig.5. 14C in 1861 – 1898 tree-rings from Augustów Wilderness andAa indices. The correlation coefficient, with 14C values delayed by 4 years is – 0.27 (n = 37, p < 0.1)

  9. 14C in wood as a tool for biomonitoring CO2 level relationship for years 1861 – 1955 Years 14C [‰] = a·e + b

  10. Preparation of  - cellulose and 13C measurements 1. Resin extraction in Soxhlet’s apparatus Na ClO2 NaOH 2. Latewood holocellulose  - cellulose earlywood CH3COOH tree-ring latewood Cross - section fragment of pine trunk The Soxhlet thimble used in the extraction of  - cellulose 3. OH O CuO CO HO O H O + Mass spectrometer OH n 450 18 h Accuracy of measurement: 0.05‰  - cellulose CH 2 2 2 ° C

  11. relationship for years 1899 –1968 relationship for years 1899 –1948

  12. 13C in tree-rings as a temperature record b Correlation coefficient between 13C values for wholewood and average temperatures c Correlation coefficient between 13C in -cellulose from latewoodand average temperatures

  13. 13C in wholewood as a tool for biomonitoring CO2 level relationship for years 1861 - 1968 relationship for years 1890 - 1968 13C = a·e + b Years

  14. 13C in late wood as a tool for biomonitoring CO2 level relationship for years 1899 -1968 relationship for years 1899 -1962 13C = a·e + b Years

  15. 13C in -cellulose from latewood and CO2concentration in atmosphere partial derivativeof 13C towards time (in years) partial derivativeof 13C towards temperature changes of CO2 in time changes of temperature in time partial derivativeof 13C towards CO2emissionn partial derivativeof 13C towardsprecipitation changes of precipitation in time changes of 13C under the influence ofadditional factors, for example: „potential for growth”, carbon flux from biosphere do atmosphereorerror connected with establishment

  16. Assuming: the following relation is valid: , ,

  17. Comparison between trends

  18. THE END Thank you for attention

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