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Pathology

Pathology. Introduction to course Alan Stevens Jim Lowe. What is Pathology?. Pathology is the study of patterns, causes, mechanisms and effects of illness (disease) To interpret symptoms and signs it is important to know the range of abnormalities possible in an organ system

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Pathology

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  1. Pathology Introduction to course Alan Stevens Jim Lowe

  2. What is Pathology? • Pathology is the study of patterns, causes, mechanisms and effects of illness (disease) • To interpret symptoms and signs it is important to know the range of abnormalities possible in an organ system • Basis of differential diagnosis

  3. Pathology clinical disciplines • Histopathology • Haematology • Clinical chemistry • Immunology • Microbiology • Genetics

  4. Pathology - diagnostic tool • Structural examination • Fluid and tissue cytology • Biopsy • Autopsy

  5. Pathology encompasses all aspects of disease • Genetic function • Physiological/biochemical function • Structural abnormalities • Cells • Tissues • Organs

  6. Aetiology • The root cause of a disease process • Genetic • Environmental agent • Immune • Infective • Neoplastic • Primary inflammatory • Vascular • Iatrogenic

  7. Pathogenesis • The molecular, physiological and cellular mechanisms that occur after the first injury and which lead to the expression of a disease • Understanding pathogenesis is important in choosing, or developing, an appropriate therapy

  8. Natural history • The course of a disease process • Untreated • Modified by therapy • Prognosis • Disability • Disease-free survival • Survival

  9. Sequelae • The clinical and pathological consequences of a disease process

  10. You will never stop studying pathology • This is a GOOD thing… • Pathology enters all disciplines of medicine • Pathology is the bedrock of good clinical medicine • General Pathology • Systems Pathology

  11. Course overview - 1 • Adaptation of cells to environmental changes • What happens to cells when they cannot adapt and how they die • Disorders due to abnormal cell growth, for example cancer • Tissue responses to injury and how tissues heal

  12. Course overview -2 • Atheroma and disease of blood vessels • Thrombosis and infarction • Tumour pathology • Classification and nomenclature • Behaviour and diagnosis • Causation and cell biology • Revision genetics

  13. Course overview -3 • Systems pathology continues through the whole of the clinical course • Pathology tutorial system with guided reading • Probably 40% of the content of all examinations in clinical course consist of pathology

  14. Textbook • Pathology • Written by Stevens & Lowe • Extremely good

  15. Other textbooks • Range of other pathology textbooks • Huge and comprehensive • Review-style • Atlas

  16. CD ROM • Pathology • Written by Stevens & Lowe • Extremely good

  17. Delivery of course • Lectures • Private study • Clinicopathological cases • Workshops

  18. Additional facilities... • CD ROM • CAL packages • Pathology museum • Autopsy room

  19. Summary... • Buy a textbook…. • Explore the museum…. • Enjoy the pathology course….

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