Deployment of Advanced Wireless Networking

1. Deployment of Advanced Wireless Networking Bill Lane Chief Technologist Wireless Telecommunications Bureau Federal Communications Commission

2. White Hats & Kickers Are Back! Source: Newsweek

3. Today’s Plan • Your Federal Communications Commission (FCC)! • The Convergence Issue - Why all this is important to you! • The Search for 3G Spectrum My Personal Views

4. The FCC • Established by the Communications Act of 1934 Independent agency of U.S. government Responsible to Congress • Charged with establishing policy to govern interstate and international communications by television, radio, wire, satellite, and cable Note: Government use is handled by the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA), Dept. of Commerce • Headed by five Commissioners, each appointed by the President, with one designated as Chairman Chairman Michael Powell (R) Commissioner Susan Ness (D) Commissioner Gloria Tristani (D) Commissioner Harold Furchtgott-Roth (R)

5. Seven Bureau’s Cable Services Bureau Common Carrier Bureau Consumer Information Bureau Enforcement Bureau International Bureau Mass Media Bureau Wireless Telecommunications Bureau WTB Ten Office’s Administrative Law Judges Commmunications Business Opportunities Engineering and Technology General Counsel Inspector General Legislative and Intergovernmental Affairs Managing Director Media Relations Plans and Policy Workplace Diversity The FCC

6. Wireless Telecommunications Bureau • Responsible for all FCC domestic wireless telecommunications • programs & policies except satellite communications • or broadcasting. • Provide information, licensing, rulemaking, data storage for: • Cellular telephones • Paging services • Personal communications services • Public safety • Commercial wireless services • Private wireless services • Auction spectrum

7. The Process • Notice of Inquiry (NOI): Gather information, generate ideas • Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM): Propose rule changes and seek public comment • Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (FNPRM): seek further public comment on specific issues • Report and Order (R&O): issue new rules, amend existing rules, make decisions not to do so; entered in Federal Register • Petition for Reconsideration: Dissatisfied with issue resolution, within 30 days file for reconsideration • Memorandum Opinion and Order (MO&O): response to petition for reconsideration

8. The Infrastructure Dilemma Network Access Desktop computer "The Network" Application Services Source: Moyer and Umar, “The Impact of Network Convergence on Telecommunications Software”, IEEE Communications Magazine, January 2001

9. The Environment Source: Drew and Dillinger, “Evolution Toward Reconfigurable User Equipment”, IEEE Communications Magazine, February 2001

10. The Convergence Issue! Cable WindowsCE WAP PalmOS Gigabit Ethernet Java CDMA Access "The Network" BWA GSM Bluetooth C# WiLAN XML Smartphone PDA 3G

11. Estimated Wireline and Wireless Subscribers Worldwide • Ratio of wireline to wireless users will drop rapidly to unity by 2010 • Strong growth assumes accommodation of multiple standards 1,600 Commercial Launch of IMT-2000 1,400 1,200 1,000 Subscribers -- In Millions 800 582 M 600 Global Wireline Global Wireless Global Wireless (Revised) 400 200 0 2002 1996 1998 2000 2004 2006 2008 2010 Source: Lucent Technologies

12. U.S. Cellular/PCS Subscribers and Penetration (1984-Future) Source: Cellular Telecommunications Industry Association and Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette

13. CompetitionMarkets with > 2 Mobile Telephone Providers November 1999 Source: FCC 2000 Competition Report

14. Avoiding Spectrum Drought • Extend the Spectrum • Examples: 90 GHz, Ultra-Wideband • Reallocation of Services • Relocation such as television FCC • Spectral Efficiency • Software Defined Radio • Spectrum Sharing • Secondary Markets

15. There Are Tougher Jobs Than Finding Spectrum ... Managing the airways means different things to different people ! Source: U.S. News

16. Core U.S. Goals of Spectrum Management • Maximize efficient use of radio spectrum • Promote competition • Expand access • Protect and promote the public interest • Ensure ability of operators to adapt to new technologies, new services and new market needs Source: FCC Principles for Reallocation of Spectrum to Encourage the Development of Telecommunications Technologies for the New Millenium, 18 NOV 99

17. Goal Implementation In the U.S., these core goals are achieved by: • Allowing for flexible spectrum uses • Enabling multiple competing technologies • Minimizing the number of rules • to eliminate harmful interference • to promote competition • Using auctions to assign licenses • Communications Act of 1934 • Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993 • Telecommunications Act of 1996 • Balanced Budget Act of 1997 • Strom Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1999

18. Policy Implications - Flexibility Allowing flexibility in spectrum usage means that: • License uses should not be restricted except to prevent interference (e.g., authorize fixed as well as mobile, data as well as voice) • Operators should be allowed to evolve to more advanced services

19. Policy Implications - Technology Neutrality Technology Neutrality means that: • Multiple & competing technologies are allowed and encouraged • Industry takes the lead in achieving interoperability/harmonization/standardization • Innovation is encouraged and led by industry

20. US Allows 2G Licensees To Evolve Into 3G Providers • Incumbent services, such as cellular, PCS and ESMR, have regulatory flexibility to evolve to advanced services, such as IMT-2000 • However, merely granting regulatory flexibility to allow incumbents to deploy advanced services may not be sufficient to respond to anticipated demand

21. Why 3G? 3G Cellular Source: Bolcskei, Paulraj, Hari, and Nabar, “Fixed Broadband Wireless Access: State of the Art, Challenges, and Future Directions”, IEEE Communications Magazine, January 2001

22. United States Considering New Allocations for Advanced Services • In December 2000 NPRM FCC proposed allocating: • 2110-2150 MHz • 2160-2165 MHz • 1710-1755 MHz • Auction by 2002 • Currently studying: • 1755-1850 MHz (Current DoD spectrum) • 2500-2690MHz (Current MDS/ITFS)

23. Can We Get There From Here? Source: Newsweek

24. Three U.S. Goals for WRC-2000 • Identify more than one band pair for IMT-2000 use. • Different countries have different needs for mobile spectrum. • Allow nations to choose among bands that are equally appropriate for IMT-2000 use. • Mandatory harmonization stifles competition and technological development. • Adopt a technologically-neutral band allocation. • Industry decisions should rest on sound engineering, not on arbitrary government decisions.

25. Results of WRC-2000 • WRC-2000 adopted an equitable, multi-band, technologically neutral approach for IMT-2000. • Bands Identified for IMT-2000: • 806-960 MHz (WRC-00, FN S5.XXX ) • 1885-2025 MHz and 2110-2200 MHz (WARC-92, FN S5.388) • 1710-1885 MHz and 2500-2690 MHz(WRC-00, FN S5.AAA

26. New IMT-2000 Bands Promote Harmony, But Permit Diversity

27. DECT TDD (1890-1880) MSS DOWNLINK (2170-2200) MSS UPLINK (1980-2010) DECT UNPAIR ADDITIONAL IMT-2000 SATELLITE (141 MHz) 1525 - 1559 1610 -1660.5 2483.5 - 2500 2500 - 2520 2670 - 2690 MSS (20 MHz) MMDS(2150-2160) 1930 1710 1755 2110 2165 1850 1910 1990 2025 2690 GOVT FX, MOB, SAT TO BE AUCT PCS MOB PCS BASE TO BE AUCT U.S. MDS, MMDS, ITFS MSSUP MSS DN PCSUNP G/NG 2010 1880 1920 1980 2025 2110 2170 3G EUROPE & OTHERS UMTS MOB UMTS BASE MSSUP MSS DN UMTS UNPAIRED 1785 1805 2G EUROPE & OTHERS GSM MOB GSM BASE 1710 1885 2025 2110 IMT -2000 TERRESTRIAL TERRESTRIAL TERRESTRIAL + HAPS August 26, 2000

28. 1755-1850 MHz in the U.S. • DoD telecommand, telemetry and control of military satellites • Military tactical radio-relay • Government fixed microwave • Military instrumented ranges • Naval ship-ship, ship-shore digital wide-band voice and data links

29. MDS - The Future Broadband wireless services are expected to experience drastic increases in subscribers

30. 2500-2690 MHz in the U.S. • High-speed fixed wireless • Multichannel Multipoint Distribution System (MDS) • Instructional Fixed Television Service (ITFS) • Former one-way multi-channel video programming providers prepare to launch two-way wireless broadband services

31. MDS ITFS MMDS ITFS &MDS A4 C4 E4 A1 B1 D1 C1 F1 G1 H1 E1 H2 C2 B2 A2 E2 G2 D2 F2 E3 C3 B3 H3 G3 A3 D3 F3 G4 1 B4 D4 F4 2 2500 2524 2584 2572 2596 2620 2644 2668 2690 FCC Auctions: #6 (MDS, MMDS, ITFS Service) Congressional Federal Register References ITFS 47 C.F.R.., Part 74 MDS 47 C.F.R.., Part 21 Channel 2A: 2156-2160 MHz 2160-2162 MHz reallocated to emerging technologies on a primary basis except for licenses operating on Channel 2, or successful applicants who filed prior to January 16, 1992 See ET Docket 92-9 FCC 93-351 Service Channel Allocation Number of Channels MDS & MMDS 1 & 2 E, F & H 2 11 Service Channel Allocation Number of Channels ITFS MDS (Multipoint Distribution Service) MMDS (Multichannel Multipoint Distribution Service) ITFS (Instructional Television Fixed Service) A, B, C, D, & G 20 Udated 02/13/01

32. Next Steps for Additional 3G Allocations • FCC NPRM on Additional 3G Spectrum issued December 2000 • FCC and NTIA Final Sharing Reports due by March 2001 • FCC Report and Order on Additional 3G Spectrum by 3rd Quarter 2001 • FCC Auction of Additional 3G Spectrum by 3rd Quarter 2002

33. Next Steps for Additional 3G Allocations • Major Issues • Existing U.S. uses (Government and Commercial) • Sharing and relocation issues • International developments

34. PCS C and F Block Auction (Completed January 2001) • Re-auction of reclaimed C and F block licenses • Spectrum configured into 10 MHz blocks • Appropriate for IMT-2000 • Licenses covering major U.S. markets exceeding 160 Million POP’s • $17 B net bids

35. 700 MHz Band • Auction of licenses in the 747-762 and 777-792 MHz band scheduled for September 2001 • Bands slated for auction can be used to provide a wide range of advanced wireless services, including IMT-2000 • Relocation of existing users and protection of public safety important issues for these bands

36. 3G Additional Steps • In November 2000, FCC issued NPRM on promoting secondary markets in spectrum (Report and Order expected in 2001) • In December 2000, FCC issued NPRM on CMRS Spectrum Cap (Report and Order expected in 2001) • In December 2000, FCC issued NPRM on software defined radio

37. Conclusion • FCC is sensitive to the issues at hand! • Following an equitable, regionally coherent and technologically neutral approach for IMT-2000: • Maximizes efficient use of radio spectrum • Promotes competition among users • Allows industry to implement new technologies and new services

38. I May Not Be Able to Answer All of Your Questions, but … Source: Newsweek

39. Federal Communications Commission • Home Page: • http://www.fcc.gov/ • Electronic Filing System: • http://www.fcc.gov/e-file/ Bill Lane WTB, FCC Phone: 202-418-0676 Email: wlane@fcc.gov Thank You!