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Brief history of wireless communications

Brief history of wireless communications. DIMETIC PhD course 9 October 2007 (2a) , Maastricht Bent Dalum DRUID/IKE, Dep. of Business Studies, CTIF Aalborg University. The telecom SSI – the major components. Fixed lined (’wired’) telephony equipment Fixed line data transmission equipment

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Brief history of wireless communications

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  1. Brief history of wireless communications DIMETIC PhD course 9 October 2007 (2a), Maastricht Bent Dalum DRUID/IKE, Dep. of Business Studies, CTIF Aalborg University DIMETIC, Maastricht 9/10-07_BD

  2. The telecom SSI – the major components • Fixed lined (’wired’) telephony equipment • Fixed line data transmission equipment • Mobile telephony (’wireless’) equipment • Satellite communications equipment • Telecom operators, incl. satellite based • Data transmission through cable TV • Internet service providers • Etc. DIMETIC, Maastricht 9/10-07_BD

  3. Wireless technologies and services • Microwaves - Radiocommunications • 1) Mobile and cordless communications (equipment for terminals and infrastructure) • 2G: GSM, 2+ (GPRS, EDGE) • DECT • Bluetooth • TETRA • 3G: UMTS, CDMA2000, TD-SCDMA, 3+ (HSDPA) • 4G? • 2) Components for mobile terminals • 3) Mobile services (operators, content producers, etc.) • 4) Maritime communications and navigation • communication (VHF, UHF & satellite) • navigation (satellite) DIMETIC, Maastricht 9/10-07_BD

  4. Disruptive Technology S-curves for the established and disruptive technologies DIMETIC, Maastricht 9/10-07_BD

  5. Technological life cycles The technological life cycles of the mobile communication industry DIMETIC, Maastricht 9/10-07_BD

  6. Wireless history – the origins • University research 1860-1890s: Maxwell, Hertz, Branley, Lodge, Popoff.. • Commercial application: Wireless Telegraph Company founded by Marconi 1897 • Wireless transmission across the Atlantic 1901 by Marconi • One dominant group of customers: the navies DIMETIC, Maastricht 9/10-07_BD

  7. Wireless history – public broadcasting • Consumer radio based on radio valves or tubes took off from the early 1920s • RCA founded 1919 • General Electric (Edison) and Westinghouse the major equipment producers • Europe: Philips, Telefunken, AEG, Siemens DIMETIC, Maastricht 9/10-07_BD

  8. Wireless history – 0G (’landmobile’) • Major boost during WW2 • Boost of non-military applications after WW2 • The commercial fleets: maritime radiocommunications • ’Landmobile’: police, firefighters, transport companies (truck fleets, taxis etc.) • Major companies in landmobile: General Electric, Motorola (founded in Chicago with the emergence of wireless technologies – the Galvin family) • Danish Storno (founded 1947): No. 3 producer of equipment world wide in the 1960/70s. DIMETIC, Maastricht 9/10-07_BD

  9. Wireless history – 1G a US invention, but… • AT&T introduces first mobile telephony system in 1946 in St. Louis. • Bell Labs scientist Ring invents the concept of cellular systems in 1947 • 1971 AT&T, RCA and Motorola file proposals to use 800 MHz band for cellular systems • 1983 FCC grants first commercial cellular licenses • 1983 Ameritech launched first commercial cellular system in Chicago. DIMETIC, Maastricht 9/10-07_BD

  10. Wireless history – 1G the Nordic market became the ’lead user’ • NMT standardization began in 1970 among the Nordic PTO. • NMT 450 MHz implemented in Sweden October 1980 and in Denmark, Finland and Norway in early 1981. • However, first implementation actually in Saudi Arabia August 1980. DIMETIC, Maastricht 9/10-07_BD

  11. Wireless history – 1G (analogue) the various standards • NMT 450 and 900 from appr. 1985 • 1993 NMT introduced in 36 countries • AMPS actually introduced in more countries than (e.g Latin America) • But the penetration ratios in the Nordic countries significantly larger than anywhere else in the world. • TACS in the UK and C-450 in West Germany DIMETIC, Maastricht 9/10-07_BD

  12. Wireless history – 2G (digital) the various standards • GSM from 1992: an EU effort. NMT ’copied’ - as an institution - and enlarged to the entire EU. ETSI formed in 1988 (took over from CEPT). • GSM: the world winner. Operated in 103 countries in 1996. • D-AMPS (Motorola and AT&T) and CDMA (Qualcomm) in the US. • PDC in Japan. DIMETIC, Maastricht 9/10-07_BD

  13. Wireless history – 2G a ’family’ of ETSI standards • GSM 900 and GSM 1800 (called DCS 1800) • DECT = cordless phones. Never a breakthrough in integration of GSM and DECT, although this will fulfill evident user needs. • TETRA: a ’public, but closed’ system for police, firefighters, ambulances etc. • ERMES: paging DIMETIC, Maastricht 9/10-07_BD

  14. Wireless history – 2.5G • GPRS: always on; makes WAP possible, higher transmission speed • EDGE: makes transmission in the 50-100 Kbit within reach • GRPS and EDGE are ’extensions’ of the existing GSM networks • EDGE is growing fast in the US GSM market DIMETIC, Maastricht 9/10-07_BD

  15. Wireless history – 3G not a world standard • IMT2000 a great ITU vision but did not succeed • ETSI decision in January 1998 on W-CDMA = UMTS. The 3GPP group. • CDMA2000 Qualcomm. 3GPP2. • TD-SCDMA China? • 3+ HSDPA DIMETIC, Maastricht 9/10-07_BD

  16. The telecom SSI – the major components • Fixed lined (’wired’) telephony equipment • Fixed line data transmission equipment • Mobile telephony (’wireless’) equipment • Satellite communications equipment • Telecom operators, incl. satellite based • Data transmission through cable TV • Internet service providers • Etc. DIMETIC, Maastricht 9/10-07_BD

  17. The telecom SSI – the major components • Fixed lined (’wired’) telephony equipment • Fixed line data transmission equipment • Mobile telephony (’wireless’) equipment • Satellite communications equipment • Telecom operators, incl. satellite based • Data transmission through cable TV • Internet service providers • Etc. DIMETIC, Maastricht 9/10-07_BD

  18. The telecom SSI – the major components • Fixed lined (’wired’) telephony equipment • Fixed line data transmission equipment • Mobile telephony (’wireless’) equipment • Satellite communications equipment • Telecom operators, incl. satellite based • Data transmission through cable TV • Internet service providers • Etc. DIMETIC, Maastricht 9/10-07_BD

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