Electron Configuration and Orbital Diagrams

Electron Configuration and Orbital Diagrams More fun stuff!

Electron Configurations!! • Back to this from the other day: FIND IT!! • It tells you what the electron configuration ends with…

What is this madness? • How to write electron configurations! • We find the number of electrons. • We place them into orbitals, filling lower energy to higher energy. • Is there a chart to use? • Indeed there is!!

Electron Configuration Chart 2 6 10 14

Great! How Do I Use It? • Follow the arrows! • How many electrons fit in s? p? d? f? • So you start at the top of the chart and fill in until you run out of electrons! • To note: the d orbital does not like to be almost full or almost half full! Sometimes it steals electrons from the previous s orbital! 2 6 10 14

Yeah, We’re Gonna Have to Practice That… • Let’s do Aluminum! • Aluminum’s atomic # = 13 =13 protons: (no charge) = 13 electrons So starting from the top of my chart: • Al: Letters = shape and max # of electrons Exponents = # of electrons in each orbital 1s 2s 3s 3p 2p 2 1 6 2 2 =2 =4 =10 =12 =13 Big #s in front = size of orbital

You Do a Few! • Write the electron configurations for the following atoms: • Lithium • Argon • Magnesium

Check It! • Lithium: Li: has 3 electrons Li:1s2 2s1 • Argon: Ar: has 18 electrons Ar:1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 • Magnesium: Mg: has 12 electrons Mg: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 ( 2 3 ( 2 4 10 12 18 ( 2 4 10 12

Can we do some with our partners? • Yep. • Do problems 1-5.

Noble Gas Electron Configuration It’s like a shortcut….kind of…. • Find the previous Noble Gas (Group 18) (the one with a smaller atomic number). • Write brackets around it. • After the brackets, write the rest of the electron configuration that isn’t included in the noble gas.

Let’s See One! • Let’s do Magnesium, Mg. • The Noble Gas before it is Neon. • So we write [Ne]. • I know Neon has 10 electrons, so I only need 2 more. • And since Neon is 2 rows down the p block, it ends in 2p6. • So I find what comes after 2p6 on my chart and go until I get 2 more electrons in there… • So I get: [Ne] 3s2

Arsenic! [Ar] 3d10 • As: 4s2 4p3 18 33 20 30 33 Ar is 3 colums down, so it is 3p6…

Can we do this one with our partners? • Yep. • Do problems 6-10.

More fun with Electrons! • Orbital Diagrams: show the different electrons in each sublevel of each orbital: • Uses the same concept of electron configuration, except this one has fun boxes showing sublevels! • 2 electrons per sublevel=2 electrons per box.

Yeah, I’m Gonna Need to See That… • For instance, let’s do Oxygen: • Oxygen (atomic # 8) has 8 electrons: • What would be electron configuration notation? • O: 1s2 2s2 2p4 • So orbital diagram would look like this: 2s2 1s2 2p4 Note: You want an arrow going up in each box before you put arrows going down!

Another One! • Germanium, Ge (atomic# = 32) no charge, so there are 32 electrons. • Electron configuration would be: Ge: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p2 ( 2 +2 +6 +2 +6 +2 +10 +2 = 32 total) 2s2 1s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 4p2 3d10

Let Me Guess: We’re doing these with our partners, too? • You got it! • Do problems 11-15 and check all the answers. • Wait for everybody to get done before we go over it.

Electron Configuration and Orbital Diagrams