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Artificial Intelligence Now and Then

Artificial Intelligence Now and Then. Khoa Nguyen. What is AI?. Artificial : describes any objects which are not created by nature

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Artificial Intelligence Now and Then

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  1. Artificial IntelligenceNow and Then Khoa Nguyen

  2. What is AI? • Artificial: describes any objects which are not created by nature • Intelligence: capacity for learning, reasoning, understanding, and similar forms of mental activity; aptitude in grasping truths, relationships, facts, meaning, etc. • Artificial Intelligence: the ability to learn, reason, understand… that is made by human.

  3. Brief Introduction about the first two presidents of IBM

  4. Thomas J. Watson Sr. • Watson joined the Computing Tabulating Recording Corporation (CTR) on May 1, 1914. • He renamed the company International Business Machines (IBM). Became the first president • When Watson died in 1956, IBM's revenues were about $900 million, and the company had 72,500 employees.

  5. Thomas J. Watson Jr. • Was the eldest son of Thomas J. Watson • Was the president of IBM from 1952 to 1971 • He led the company into a period where it dominated the new computer industry • Among many honors, he was called "the greatest capitalist in history" and one of "100 most influential people of the 20th century"

  6. The computing system “Watson” • Named after the first two presidents of IBM • Capable of giving precise, factual answers to questions posed in natural language • In the Jeopardy! Show, Watson wasn’t in the room behind • Over its three-year life, Watson stored the content of tens of millions of documents, which it now accessed to answer questions about almost anything

  7. Why is it so impressive? • Technologists have long regarded this sort of artificial intelligence as a holy grail • Software firms and university scientists have produced question-answering systems for years, but these have mostly been limited to simply phrased questions. • IBM is already working to implement applications in the fields of healthcare, finance and telecom

  8. AI is not always about making computers that can answer questions..

  9. System that can steer Cars With the Power of Thought • Developed by AutoNOMOSinnovation labs of Freie Universität Berlin • Using EEG sensors for measuring brain waves in such a way that the computer can read four basic driving commands: accelerate, brake, turn left, and turn right • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iDV_62QoHjY

  10. What is it good for? Upside Downside Can’t always control our thoughts Can easily misunderstand “commands” and “actual thoughts” • You are hands free to do anything: have a drink for example • Big hope for people with disabilities and/or paralysation

  11. Great! Now we have computers that can read our mind. What else can they read??

  12. How about human gestures? • ScienceDaily states that future surgeons might use a system recognizes hand gestures as commands to control a robotic scrub nurse or tell a computer to display medical images of the patient during an operation in the future • Both the hand-gesture recognition and robotic nurse innovations might help to reduce the length of surgeries and the potential for infection

  13. Problems? • One challenge will be to develop the proper shapes of hand poses and the proper hand trajectory movements to reflect and express certain medical functions • Other challenges include providing computers with the ability to understand the context in which gestures are made and to discriminate between intended gestures versus unintended gestures.

  14. Question: when will machines have human-level intelligence? Future of Humanity Institute (FHI) Winter Intelligence conference at University of Oxford on machine intelligence in January 2011 • 2028 • 2050 • 2150 - 10% - 50% - 90%

  15. References • Freie Universität Berlin (2011, February 21). Scientists steer car with the power of thought. ScienceDaily. Retrieved May 1, 2011, from http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/02/110218083711.htm • Purdue University (2011, February 3). Future surgeons may use robotic nurse, 'gesture recognition'. ScienceDaily. Retrieved May 2, 2011, from http://www.sciencedaily.com­/releases/2011/02/110203152548.htm • Thompson, C. (2010, June 16). What is I.B.M.’s Watson?. The New York Times, Retrieved May 1, 2011 from http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/20/magazine/20Computer-t.html • Watson (computer). (2011). Wikipedia. Retrieved May 1, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watson_(computer) • Intelligence. (2011). Retrieved April 30, 2011, from http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/intelligence • Thomas J. Watson (2011). Wikipedia. Retrieved May 3, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Watson • Thomas Watson, Jr. (2011). Wikipedia. Retrieved May 3, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Watson,_Jr.

  16. Discussion • Do you think all of these new technologies will increase the number of jobs or decrease it? • Do you think the robotic nurses will be better than the human nurses in terms of proficiency, reflection, knowledge…?

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