LEDs used in Emergency Lighting Applications

1. LEDs used in Emergency Lighting Applications Martin Afford – Emergency Lighting Products Limited Division of the Lighting Industry Association

2. White LEDs have/are replacing fluorescent lamps in the two main areas of emergency lighting, namely: Safety sign illumination As an emergency light source

3. Advantages of using LEDs in Emergency Lighting Applications

4. Safety Sign Illumination Initially with the availability of low power white LEDs it was possible to produce more compact ‘hanging blade’ Exit Signs and…

5. Safety Sign Illumination • Thinner picture signs.

6. Safety Sign Illumination • And as higher power white LEDs became available it was possible to use fewer LEDs and to illuminate larger signs.

7. Safety Sign Illumination • Or to make even smaller signs.

8. Emergency Light Source BS 5266-7 / EN1838 Emergency Lighting Applications Standard requires three different types of emergency: • Open Area • Escape Route • Task Lighting

9. Emergency Light Source • These requirements are usually met in two different ways, either by a dedicated LED emergency luminaire:

10. Emergency Light Source • Or by using an emergency version of a mains LED luminaire.

11. Dedicated Emergency Luminaires • The small size of the LED light source allows precise photometric control – units can provide light distribution to ensure maximum spacing.

12. Dedicated Emergency Luminaires • Similarly for task lighting, very accurate control of light can be used to achieve a narrow beam to highlight a particular task.

13. Concerns regarding the use of LEDs in Emergency Lighting Applications

14. Concerns regarding use of LEDs • For the dedicated emergency luminaires the safety and performance is usually the sole responsibility of the manufacturer, and as long as the luminaire meets EN 60598-2-22 the emergency luminaire standard, and is CE marked then the customer will be ok.

15. Concerns regarding use of LEDs • For emergency versions of main luminaires then meeting the performance and safety requirements can become more complex as emergency control gear will need to be added to the luminaire.

16. Concerns regarding use of LEDs • The correct operation of LEDs, especially the LED arrays and LED modules, require electronic ‘drivers’ providing detailed control of the forward voltage and operating current.

17. Concerns regarding use of LEDs • The Emergency Lighting Control Gear) for LEDs have to comply with specific and detailed safety, performance and EMC standards, namely: • EN 61347-1 • EN 61347-2-7 • EN 61347-2-13 • EN 62384 • EN 55015 • EN 61547 • EN 61000-3-2

18. LED Emergency Lighting routes to market

19. Route to market • Most luminaire manufacturers offer emergency lighting versions of their luminaires and in some cases the required emergency lighting equipment is considered at the design stage.

20. Route to market • Most luminaire manufacturers offer emergency lighting versions of their luminaires and in some cases the required emergency lighting equipment is considered at the design stage. • However, many LED luminaires have to be ‘converted’ to have the emergency lighting function added.

21. Route to market • Some manufacturers do this in their own factories.

22. Route to market • Some manufacturers do this in their own factories. • Some manufacturers sub-contract this work to emergency lighting specialists

23. Route to market • Some manufacturers do this in their own factories. • Some manufacturers sub-contract this work to emergency lighting specialists • Some mains luminaires already sold to a project have to be sent to an emergency lighting specialist for conversion prior to installation.

24. The addition of emergency lighting control gear to mains LED luminaires

25. Emergency Lighting Conversions • The benefit of retro-fitting emergency lighting equipment into standard mains lighting luminaires (conversions) was recognised early in the development of the emergency lighting market.

26. Emergency Lighting Conversions • The benefit of retro-fitting emergency lighting equipment into standard mains lighting luminaires (conversions) was recognised early in the development of the emergency lighting market. • However, conversion utilising the main light source of some mains luminaires has become more difficult due to lack of internal space and due to some light sources having built-in integral drivers.

27. LED lamps with integral drivers

28. Combined conversions (additional light source) • Where it is not possible to drive the main light source a good solution is to fit an additional LED solely for the purpose of providing emergency lighting.

29. Emergency Lighting Conversions • Where possible the most effective and aesthetically acceptable solution is to add emergency lighting equipment to the standard LED luminaire and operate the normal LED light source for both mains and emergency functions (maintained).

30. Emergency Lighting Conversions +

31. Safety & Performance of LEDs used in Emergency Lighting Applications

32. Safety & Performance • Industry Committee for Emergency Lighting (ICEL) is a division of the LIA committed to maintaining the Quality of Emergency Lighting equipment.

33. Safety & Performance • ICEL works closely with IEC and often creates safety and performance standards that are later adopted as National and International Standards

34. Safety & Performance • ICEL have updated the scheme: ICEL 1004:2013 :Requirements for the Re-Engineering of Luminaires for Emergency Lighting Use’ • The latest edition will specifically cover the additional requirements for LED luminaires.

35. Safety & Performance • Full compliance with ICEL 1004:2013 can only be claimed by members of ICEL who are registered to the scheme • Full details of ICEL 1004:2013 can be downloaded from www.icel.co.uk.

36. Thank-you for listening