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Measurement

Measurement. Measurement Metric units. The fundamental units : length is the meter (m) Mass is the gram (g) Volume is the liter (l) Temperature is degree Kelvin (°K) but Celsius (°C) is more commonly used. Measurement Metric units.

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Measurement

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  1. Measurement

  2. MeasurementMetric units • The fundamental units : • length is the meter (m) • Mass is the gram (g) • Volume is the liter (l) • Temperature is degree Kelvin (°K) • but Celsius (°C) is more commonly used

  3. MeasurementMetric units • The metric system is based on the number 10 and therefore a decimal system • Prefixes precede the root or main word (gram, liter, meter). • The following prefixes are commonly used in science:

  4. MeasurementMetric units • Examples: • A millimeter is about how thick as a toenail. • A centimeter is about as thick as a dime. • A kilometer is a little more than half of a mile.

  5. MeasurementConversions • The base represents gram, liter and meter. ------------------●-------●-------●------●--------●--------●--------------●-----------●---------●-----------●-------●--------●-------●------------*--- Prefix:     Mega                           Kilo      Hecto    Deca       Basic Unit      Deci        Centi      Milli                              Micro Abbrev:      M    k             h           dc             m, l, g            d              c            m                              mc or  μ

  6. MeasurementConversions • Moving to the RIGHT ------increase • Moving to the LEFT -------decrease

  7. MeasurementConversions • Hint – we are referring to the exponent associated with 10 when we “count” places to move the decimal • We are NOT counting actual words listed on the chart

  8. For example if you have 80 hland you want to convert to clthen you must move 4 spaces to the right. So you move your decimal point 4 spaces to the right. Your answer is 800000 cl

  9. For example • if you have 5mgand you want to convert to gthen you must move 3 spaces to the left. • So you move your decimal point 3 spaces to the left. • Your answer is 0.005g

  10. MeasurementLength • The basic metric unit of length is the meter (m). • DIFFERENCES BETWEEN: • English units • Metric units

  11. MeasurementLength

  12. Volume • When a figure has three dimensions (length, width, and height) we can find its volume. • In the metric system volume can be expressed in terms of liters or cubic centimeters (cm3 or cc)

  13. Volume • The meniscus is the curved interface between the water and air. • This is due to the surface tension and adhesive forces of water as it interacts with its container. A: The bottom of a concave meniscus.B: The top of a convex meniscus.

  14. Volume • In a laboratory you would work with • pipettes: pipette pump or filling device is used to draw and dispense fluids

  15. Volume • In a laboratory you would work with • Graduated cylinders • Erlenmeyer flasks • Beakers

  16. Mass • Mass is a measurement of the amount of matter in an object. It is determined by the molecular structure of the object. • Not to be confused with…………..

  17. Mass • Weightis a measure of the gravitational pull on an object. It is not the same as mass.

  18. Mass • In a laboratory you would work with Triple beam balance / Electronic scale

  19. Scientific Notation • Scientific notation uses powers of 10 so very large or small numbers can be expressed concisely.

  20. Scientific Notation • The number we use as the base for this system is 10. The exponent is the power of the number and is applied to the base.

  21. For example • Write the following large number using Scientific Notation : 146,000,000,000. • Step 1 :place the decimal after the first digit and drop all the zeros. 1.46 000,000,000_ • Step 2: count the number of places from the decimal to the end of the number. There are 11 places after the decimal point; therefore the exponent is 11. 1.46 X 1011

  22. For example 0.00000123 • Step 1: with small numbers you count from the decimal the number of zeroes until you reach the first non-zero number 0.00000123 = 1.23 X10-6

  23. Graphing Data Line graphs have both X axis and Y axis. Each X and Y axis is subdivided into uniform intervals.

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