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Getting Started with LAN Networks

Getting Started with LAN Networks. Course Objectives. Upon completion of this course, you will be able to perform the following tasks: Determine when to use a hub, Ethernet switch, or multiprotocol router Interconnect switches and routers according to a specification

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Getting Started with LAN Networks

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  1. Getting Started with LAN Networks

  2. Course Objectives • Upon completion of this course, you will be able to perform the following tasks: • Determine when to use a hub, Ethernet switch, or multiprotocol router • Interconnect switches and routers according to a specification • Configure switches and routers to support LAN service • Set up IP subnet addressing and address utilities for effective network administration

  3. Course Objectives • Verify that switches, routers, and their configured network services operate as intended • Recognize a network problem, identify the source of the problem, and resolve it.

  4. CSU/DSU Legend Ethernet/ FastEthernet Serial Course Topics WAN

  5. Student Role • Introduce yourself • Ask/answer question Participant Role

  6. Welcome : PleaseIntroduce Yourself • Your name and work Iocation • Your job responsibility • Your internetworking experience • Your objectives for this week

  7. Course Syllabus Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 OSI Reference Model Assembling and Cabling Network Devices Managing Your LAN Network LAN Protocol Operating and Configuring Network Devices - Router WAN Protocol Test Introduction to TCP/IP Appendix Building Lan Network for Home LAN/SOHO user Operating and Configuring Network Devices - Switch Introduction to SK Telecom network

  8. DSU/CSU Graphic Symbols Bridge Switch Router Multi-layer Switch Network Switch Personal computer File Server Data Service Unit/ Channel Service Unit Modem Hub Ethernet Fast Ethernet Serial Line Circuit Switched Line Network Cloud

  9. OSI Reference Model

  10. Objectives • Upon completion of this chapter, you will be able to perform the following tasks: • Identify and describe the functions of each of the seven layers of the OSI reference model • Define and explain the 5 conversion steps of data encapsulation

  11. OSI Reference Model • OSI Model Overview 단말 시스템 통신망 시스템 단말 시스템 7 7 제 7 층 : 응용층(Applicaion Layer) 6 6 제 6 층 : 표현층(Presentation Layer) 응용기능층 상 위 층 5 5 제 5 층 : 세션층(Session Layer) 4 4 제 4 층 : 전송층(Transport Layer) 통신기능층 3 3 3 제 3 층 : 네트웍층(Network Layer) 하 위 층 통신 네트워크 기능층 제 2 층 : 데이타링크층(Data Link Layer) 2 2 2 1 1 1 제 1 층 : 물리층(Physical Layer) Communication Media

  12. OSI Reference Model • Role of Application Layers EXAMPLES Telnet HTTP Application User Interface ASCII EBCDIC JPEG How data is presented Special processing such as encryption Presentation Operating System/ Application Access Scheduling Keeping different application’s data separate Session Transport Layer Network Layer Data Link Physical

  13. OSI Reference Model • Role of Data Flow Layers EXAMPLES Application Presentation Session TCP UDP SPX Reliable or unreliable delivery Error correction before retransmission Transport Layer IP IPX Provide logical addressing which routers use for path determination Network Layer Combines bits int bytes and bytes into frames Access to media using MAC address Error detection not correction 802.3/802.2 HDLC Data Link Move bits between devices Specifies voltage, wire speed and pin-out cables EIA/TIA-232 V.35 Physical

  14. OSI Reference Model • Network Layer Communication Model Open System Open System *NS : Network Service Transport Layer NS 이용자 NS 이용자 Network Service Access Point Network Service Network Protocol NS 제공자 NS 제공자 Network Layer Data Link Service Access Point Data Link Service Data Link Layer 이하

  15. Application Presentation Communicating Between Layers • Encapsulating Data PDU Session Upper Layer Data Segment Transport TCP Header Upper Layer Data Packet Network IP Header Data FCS Data LLC Header Frame Data Link FCS Data MAC Header Bits Physical 010111010110001000011110

  16. Application Presentation Communicating Between Layers • Encapsulating Data PDU Session Upper Layer Data Segment Transport TCP Header Upper Layer Data Packet Network IP Header Data FCS Data LLC Header Frame Data Link FCS Data MAC Header Bits Physical 010111010110001000011110

  17. Application Presentation TCP Header IP Header LLC Header MAC Header Communicating Between Layers • De-encapsulating Data Upper Layer Data Session Transport Upper Layer Data TCP + Upper Layer Data Network IP + TCP + Upper Layer Data Data Link LLC Hdr + IP + TCP +Upper layer Data Physical 010111010110001000011110

  18. LAN Protocol

  19. Objectives • Upon completion of this chapter, you will be able to perform the following tasks: • Describe data link address and network addresses, and identify the key differences between them • List the key internetworking functions of the OSI Network layer and how they are performed in a router

  20. Physical Layers Functions • Media type • Connection type • Signaling type EIA-TIA-232 Physical Layer Ethernet V.35 802.3

  21. Physical Layers Functions • Physical Layer : Ethernet/802.3 Router 10Base2 - Thick Ethernet 10Base5 - Thick Ethernet Host Hub 10BaseT - Twisted Pair Hosts

  22. Data Link layers Functions • Physical source and destination addresses • Higher layer protocol (Service Access Point) • Network topology • Frame sequencing • Flow control • Connection-oriented or connectionless Frame Relay HDLC 802.2 Data Link EIA-TIA-232 Ethernet V.35 802.3 Physical

  23. Data Link layers Functions (cont.) MAC Layer - 802.3 # Bytes 8 6 6 2 Variable 4 Preamble Dest add Source add Length Data FCS Ethernet II uses “Type” here and does not use 802.2 0000.0C xx.xxxx IEEE assigned Vendor assigned MAC Layer

  24. Data Link layers Functions (cont.) MAC Layer - 802.3 # Bytes 8 6 6 2 Variable 4 Preamble Dest add Source add Length Data FCS Ethernet II uses “Type” here and does not use 802.2 0000.0C xx.xxxx IEEE assigned Vendor assigned MAC Layer

  25. Data Link layers Functions (cont.) 802.2 (SNAP) # Bytes 8 6 6 2 Variable 4 Dest SAP AA Source SAP AA Ctrl 03 OUI ID Type Data Or 802.2 (SAP) Dest SAP Source SAP Ctrl 03 Data Preamble Dest add Source add Length Data FCS MAC Layer - 802.3

  26. Network Layers Functions • Define logical source and destination addresses associated with a specific protocol • Define paths through network • Interconnects multiple data link IP, IPX Network Frame Relay HDLC 802.2 Data Link EIA-TIA-232 Ethernet V.35 802.3 Physical

  27. Network Layers Functions (cont.) Network Layer End Station Packet Destination address Source address IP Header Data • Logical Address 150.20.1.3 Network Node

  28. Network Layers Functions (cont.) Address Mask 172.16.122.204 255.255.0.0 Binary Address 172 16 122 204 10101100 00010000 01111010 11001100 Binary Mask 255 255 0 0 11111111 11111111 00000000 00000000 Network Host

  29. Network Layers Functions (cont.) 1.0 4.0 1.1 4.1 1.3 2.1 2.2 4.3 1.2 4.2 E0 S0 S0 E0 Routing Table Routing Table NET INT Metric NET INT Metric 1 2 4 E0 S0 S0 0 0 1 1 2 4 S0 S0 E0 1 0 0 • Logical addressing allows for hierarchical network • Configuration required • Uses configured information to identify paths to networks

  30. Transport Layers Functions • Reliable Transport Layer Function Synchronize Acknowledge, Synchronize Acknowledge Connection Established Data Transfer (Send Segments)

  31. WAN Protocol

  32. Objectives • Upon completion of this chapter, you will be able to perform the following tasks: • Differentiate between the following WAN services: Frame Relay, HDLC, PPP • Identify PPP operations to encapsulate Wan data on Router • Recognize key Frame Relay terms and features • Determine how Frame Relay operates

  33. WAN Overviews Service Provider • WANs connect sites • Connection requirements vary depending on user requirements and cost

  34. WAN Connection Types:Layer 1 Synchronous serial Leased Line Asynchronous serial, ISDN Layer 1 Telephone Company Circuit-Switched Synchronous serial Service Provider Packet-Switched

  35. S S S S S S S Interfacing WAN ServiceProviders WAN service provider toll network CO Switch Local Loop Trunks and switches Demarcation Customer Premises Equipment Point-to-point or circuit-switched connection • Provider assigns connection parameters to subscriber

  36. Typical WAN EncapsulationProtocols : Layer 2 HDLC, PPP, SLIP Leased Line PPP, SLIP, HDLC Telephone Company Circuit-Switched X,25, Frame Relay, ATM Service Provider Packet-Switched

  37. HDLC Frame Format Cisco HDLC Flag Address Control Proprietary Data FCS Flag • Cisco’s HDLC has a proprietary data field to support multiprotocol environments HDLC Flag Address Control Data FCS Flag • Supports only single protocol environments

  38. An Overview of PPP Multiple protocol encapsulation using NCPs in PPP TCP/IP Novell IPX AppleTalk PPP Encapsulation Link setup and control using LCP in PPP • WANs connect sites • Connection requirements vary depending on user requirements and cost

  39. Layering PPP Elements IPX IP Layer 3 Protocol Network Layer IPXCP IPCP Many Others PPP Network Control Protocol Data Link Layer Authentication, other options Link Control Protocol Synchronous or Asynchronous Physical Media Physical PPP - A data link with network-layer services

  40. PPP LCP Configuration Options Feature How it Operates Protocol Require a password Perform Challenge Handshake PAP CHAP Authentication Compress data at source; reproduce data at destination Stacker or Predictor Compression Error Detection Monitor data dropped on link Avoid frame looping Magic Number Load balancing across multiple links Multilink Protocol (MP) Multilink

  41. Selecting a PPP AuthenticationProtocol Remote Router (SantaCruz) Central-Site Router (HQ) PAP 2-Way Handshake “Santacruz, boardwalk” Accept/Reject Hostname:santacruz Password:boardwalk Hostname:santacruz Password:boardwalk • Passwords sent in clear text • Peer in control of attempts

  42. Selecting a PPP AuthenticationProtocol (cont.) CHAP 3-Way Handshake Remote Router (SantaCruz) Central-Site Router (HQ) Challenge Response Accept/Reject Hostname:santacruz Password:boardwalk Hostname:santacruz Password:boardwalk Use “Select” known only to authenticator and peer

  43. DSU/CSU Frame Relay Overview DCE or Frame Relay Switch Frame Relay works here • Virtual circuits make connection • Connection-oriented service

  44. Frame Relay Stack OSI Reference Model Frame Relay Application Presentation Session Transport Network IP/IPX/AppleTalk,etc. Frame Relay Data Link EIA/TIA-232 EIA/TIA-449, V.35, X.21, EIA/TIA-530 Physical

  45. LM I 100 = Active 400 = Active Frame Relay Terminology PVC DLCI: 200 Local Access Loop=T1 Local Access Loop=64kbps Local Access Loop=64kbps

  46. Introduction to TCP/IP

  47. Objectives • Upon completion of this chapter, you will be able to perform the following tasks: • Identify the IP protocol stack, its protocol layer functions, and commonly used IP protocols. • Identify IP address classes, IP addresses, IP subnet masks, IP network numbers, subnet numbers, and possible host numbers. • Configure IP addresses and subnet masks on a router interface and optionally configure a host table. • Interconnect the VLANs with a layer three device such as a router on a stick.

  48. Introduction to TCP/IP Host Host Internet TCP/IP • Early protocol suite • Universal

  49. TCP/IP- Protocol stack OSI Reference Model TCP/IP 7 Application Presentation 6 Application Session 5 5 Transport 4 Transport 4 3 3 Network Internet Data link Data Link 2 2 1 1 Physical Physical

  50. Application Layer Overview File Transfer - TFTP * - FTP * - NFS E-mail - SMTP Remote Login - Telnet * - rlogin * Network Management - SNMP * Name Management - DNS * TCP/IP Application Transport Internet * Used by the Router Data link Physical

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