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Andrew Minister, Project Manager Soviet-Designed Reactor Safety Program

U.S. Department of Energy International Nuclear Safety Program. Andrew Minister, Project Manager Soviet-Designed Reactor Safety Program “Fire Safety Analysis Methods at Russian Nuclear Power Plants” December 2000. Soviet-Designed Reactor Safety Program. Problems:

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Andrew Minister, Project Manager Soviet-Designed Reactor Safety Program

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  1. U.S. Department of Energy International Nuclear Safety Program Andrew Minister, Project Manager Soviet-Designed Reactor Safety Program “Fire Safety Analysis Methods at Russian Nuclear Power Plants” December 2000

  2. Soviet-Designed Reactor Safety Program Problems: • Inadequate operating procedures and training • Design deficiencies • Lack of infrastructure to sustain safe operation • Weak regulatory authority Percent of Electricity from Nuclear Power (1999) 73 80 60 47 47 44 38 36 40 21 20 14 0.15 0 Armenia Russia Czech Republic Hungary Bulgaria Slovakia Ukraine Lithuania Kazakhstan

  3. Soviet-Designed-Reactor Safety • Approach • Provide training, technology, and physical improvements at selected lead plants • Conduct projects in a fashion that enables host countries to extend improvements independently • Seek to establish a strong, indigenous nuclear safety culture in each host country by example and by exposure to International nuclear safety practices • To help develop strong, independent regulatory bodies with the capabilities to regulate nuclear activities.

  4. Engineering and Technology • Reduce risks by physically upgrading the safety systems of nuclear power plants • Projects organized into • Safety parameter display systems • Safety system equipment • Fire safety

  5. Engineering and Technology • Fire Safety • Transfer tools, equipment, and training to reduce fire risks • Equipment provided includes • Fire rated doors and frames • Fire Barrier penetration seals • Non-flammable floor coating and sealant • Fire detection and alarm systems • Protective gear for fire fighters • Hose nozzles • Projects under way in Armenia, Ukraine, Russia, and Bulgaria Desnagorsk Fire Station fireman

  6. Engineering and Technology Fire-retardant material "Promatec" coats cables and seals floor penetration Fire door manufactured at the Atomremmash plant

  7. Engineering and Technology Fire-resistant floors in the reactor building

  8. Fire Safety – Fire Hazards Analysis Identify the most dangerous fire risks that could damage safety systems needed to safely shut down the reactor Safe-shutdown analysis methodology meeting international standards developed for Soviet-designed reactors. Reactor Core Protection Evaluation Methodology for Fires at RBMK and VVER Nuclear Power Plants Russian and Ukrainian specialists trained on safe-shutdown analysis methods Safe-shutdown analyses in progress Smolensk Unit 3, Russia Zaporizhzhya Unit 5, Ukraine Engineering and Technology

  9. Fire Hazards Analysis Methodology • Objectives • Systematically Evaluate the Safety Significance of Fires • Identify and prioritize the areas for Safety Upgrades • Identify and Evaluate Alternative Fixes

  10. Fire Hazards Analysis Methodology • Screening Evaluation • Based on “Reactor Core Protection Evaluation Methodology” RCPEM (DOE/NE-0113 Rev-1) • Detailed Evaluation • Based on Room Specific Fire Impact Evaluation on Safe Shutdown Systems

  11. Deterministic Evaluation (RCPEM) • Define Safe Shutdown Systems • Identify Safety Related Equipment/Cables • Identify Fire Compartment/Cells and Fire Protection Features • Collect Cable Routing and Equipment Location Data • Develop Computerized Data Base (Access) • Identify Fire Compartment/Cells Impacting More Than One Shutdown Path

  12. Determine Fire-Caused Initiating Events • Determine Fire Caused Initiating Events • Determine Impact of Fire Compartment/Cell on Individual Safe Shutdown Equipment • Develop Dependency Matrices Illustrating System Dependencies • Develop/Modify the System models to account for Fire Impact including the related Human Actions • Identify the Success paths to Safe Shutdown and the associated Success Probabilities

  13. Smolensk Unit-3 • RBMK-1000 • VNIIAES - Primary Contractor • Fire Hazards Analysis Completed – December 2000 • Potential Vulnerabilities Identified • Corrective Action Plans Being Developed

  14. Zaporizhzhya Unit-5 • VVER-1000 • Ukraine: Kiev-ENERGOPROJECT • Have finished Data Collection, Cable Routing, and Fire Compartment/Cell Evaluation • Currently entering plant data into computerized database (ACCESS) • Deterministic Analysis will be Completed by June 2001

  15. U.S. Participants in SmolenskSafe Shutdown Analysis • Grigory Trosman (DOE) • Rich Denning (PNNL) • Andy Minister (PNNL) • Ali Azarm (BNL) • Bob Kalantari (EPM) • Mike Archdeacon (Bechtel)

  16. Conclusions • Where do we go from here? • Implement improvements identified by the fire hazards analysis • Apply fire hazards analysis techniques to other RBMK and VVER reactors • How can you work to improve the safety of your reactors? • Openly interact with the workshop participants to discuss fire safety issues at your NPPs • Identify fire safety issues to your management and regulators to get them addressed

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