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Innovative Calorimeter for Space and High-Energy Physics

CaloCube project aims to construct a finely designed calorimeter for precise measurement of cosmic rays' charge and energy in high-energy physics. It will contribute to future collider experiments by detecting particles accurately and distinguishing between different types. The project involves optimizing the design, selecting materials, and extensive testing. Trieste/Udine group's responsibilities include developing CASIS1.2B ASIC, electronic boards, simulation activities, quality control of materials, and photo-detector assemblies. Participants are working on construction, testing, and data analysis.

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Innovative Calorimeter for Space and High-Energy Physics

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  1. CaloCube project(“Call” Gruppo 5) Trieste, consiglio di sezione INFN 11 luglio 2013

  2. Participants • Project name: CaloCube • Research area: Detectors • Scientific responsible (PI) of the project: Oscar Adriani • Local PI: Diego Cauz • Duration: 3 years • Participatingresearchunits • INFN Sezione di Trieste and g.c. Udine • INFN Sezione di Pisa • INFN Sezione di Firenze • INFN Sezione di Pavia • INFN Sezione di Catania • Fondazione Bruno Kessler (FBK) • IMCB-CNR

  3. Aim • Construction of a calorimeter with an innovative design with applications in • Space Physics • Future missions possibly interested: HERD, GAMMA-400 • High-Energy Physics • to precisely measure the charge and the energy of high energy nuclei and electrons • to properly separate hadronic from electromagnetic particles

  4. Scientific goals • Measurement of the energy spectrum of the nuclear component of cosmic rays (CR) in the region of the knee (E~1015 eV) • Measurement of the electromagnetic component of CR above the TeV region • Establishing a proof of principle for homogeneous, very fine hadronic energy resolution calorimetry • A first step for innovative calorimeters in future collider experiments

  5. Design • Highly isotropic and homogeneous • High geometrical acceptance: detection capability for particles from any space direction • Minimize sampling fluctuations to increase energy resolution • Fine 3D sampling capability • Crystal dimensions (3-5)3 cm3 • Exploit shower topology, e.g. distinguish between e.m. and hadronic showers: high discriminating power for hadrons/nuclei vs. electrons • Optimize leakage corrections

  6. Design (cont’ed) • High hadronic energy resolution through compensation techniques • 2% for electrons between 100 GeV and 1 TeV for space physics • 16% (for space physics) and 30%/sqrt(E) for HEP • measurement of the em fraction via Cherenkov light detection • detection of evaporation neutrons from nuclei in the had fraction • Measurement of the particle’s charge (Z)

  7. Activity • Construction and extensive tests of a reasonable-size prototype • Optimization of design • Choice of the active materials • Selection of the optical sensors (e.g. large area, low mass, high gain photodetectors (SiPMs)) • Optimization of the Cherenkov light collection • Optimization of the neutron component identification

  8. Activity (cont’ed) • Tests on beam with • highly ionizing low-energy nuclei • high-energy electrons and hadrons • @ CERN, FNAL, LNF, LNS facilities • Development of software algorithms for event reconstruction and performance optimization

  9. Trieste/Udine group’s task • Development and test of CASIS1.2B ASIC • It is an evolution from the family of low-noise, wide-range CASIS ASICs designed at INFN-Trieste • Charge-sensitive dual-range preamplifier, with automatic real-time gain control network • 16 channels serially multiplexed onto a single analog bus • maximum dynamic range of 53 pC • noise less than 2300 electrons • A/D conversion integrated on-chip via a 12-bit ADC for each channel

  10. Trieste/Udine group’s task (cont’ed) • Design and construction of • electronic boards and power control ASICs • electronic boards for an FPGA-based data acquisition • Simulation activity to complement the work of design and characterization of the detectors • packages like Fluka and GEANT4 will be used

  11. Trieste/Udine group’s task (cont’ed) • Quality control of existing materials • transmittance, light yield, time response • optimization of materials for scintillation, Cherenkov and neutrons • capability of distinguishing between Cerenkov and scintillation signals • bench tests with lasers and cosmics • exposure to particle beams at FNAL

  12. Trieste/Udine group’s task (cont’ed) • Simulation studies of performance • with an emphasis on leakage corrections • Development of  photo-detector assemblies   • Calorimeter module • construction and test • analysis of test beam data

  13. Anagrafica e richieste • PartecipantiTs-Ud: • Giovanni Pauletta 20% • Diego Cauz 20% (resp. loc.) • Anna Gregorio 20% • ValterBonvicini 10% • Tot. 0.7 FTE • Richiesteaiservizi di sezione: • Servizioelettronica e rivelatori 2 m.u. • Test di SiPM e di elettronica di front-end • Servizioofficinameccanica 1 m.u. • Assemblaggiorivelatori-cristalli • Richiestefinanziarie: in fase di definizione

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