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2-3. environmental problems caused by minerlas

2-3. environmental problems caused by minerlas. 2-3-1. Types of Environmental Problems Direct (Primary) – Caused by mineral itself Ingestion Aspiration Contact

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2-3. environmental problems caused by minerlas

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  1. 2-3. environmental problems caused by minerlas • 2-3-1. Types of Environmental Problems • Direct (Primary) – Caused by mineral itself • Ingestion • Aspiration • Contact • Secondary – Caused by the results of reactions or other processes involving minerals (e.g. acid rain, acid mine drainages, water pollution, etc.)

  2. Yellow dust in Seoul http://blog.naver.com/PostView.nhn?blogId=webmsm&logNo=50166700732

  3. 2-3-2. Particulates & Health • (Potentially) hazardous minerals • Fibrous: Asbestos, erionite, mordenite, palygorskite, sepiolite, brucite, chlorite, goethite, lepidocrosite • Nonfibrous: Silica (quartz), kaolinite, vermiculite, talc, mica, boehmite

  4. Mordenite Asbestos (serpentine) Vermiculite Mica (muscovite)

  5. Potential health hazards by particulate matter (PM) • Pneumoconiosis • Silicosis • Asbestosis • Other respiratory diseases • Cancers: Lung, stomach, esophagus • Pleural plaques, diffuse thickening • Mesothelioma

  6. 2-3-3. Asbestos • Introduction • Asbestos: asbestoz“inquenchable” “inextinguishable” • Fibrous silicate minerals: serpentine & amphiboles • White, brown, blue & others

  7. crocidolite chrysotile Asbestos fibre tremolite From http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asbestos

  8. Properties & Use • Properties: • Mineral: insulation (heat, electricity), resistance against fire & chemical reaction, incombustibility • Fibre: flexibility, capability of being woven, sound-absorbing • Uses • (See the table on the next page)

  9. http://www.asbestos.com/assets/images/asbestos_house_diagram.pnghttp://www.asbestos.com/assets/images/asbestos_house_diagram.png

  10. Brief History • B.C. ca. 3,000 Scandinavian remains – used in porcelain and filler among the logs • 1C : Greek island Evvoia – Asbestos mining querry • Early Greek-Roman: unflammable clothes and building materials • Pliny the Elder: Thought to be used for the protection from the curse Pliny the Elder (23-79), a.k.a. Caius Plinius Secundus, Gaius Plinius Secundis. Author of the grand encyclopedia "Naturalis Historiae".

  11. Ancient Egyptian: Used for Parao’s mummy • Ancient Persian: Imported from China, Used for the cloths for deaths, thought as feather of saramanda (phoenix) • Others: Lamp wick of tomb, Cure for itching Saramanda on a tile from ancient Iranian heritage http://www.metmuseum.org

  12. In medieval times, asbestos was frequently used for the insulation of armor • Some fraud merchants made cross with asbestos and deceive people with it as if that was a part of the cross on which Jesus Christ was nailed (hung, executed)

  13. 1897, A doctor diagnosed lung malfunctioning due to aspiration of asbestos dust in Vienna • Early 1900s, speculated a relation between the pulmonary disease/fatality of miners and the asbestos aspiration • 1906, documented the evidence of fibrosis by post mortem exam • 1908, Metropolitan Insurance co. charged higher fees for asbestos workers • 1923, Dr. Cook studied the death of number of asbestos handling workers and first named the disease ‘asbestosis’

  14. 1931, the term “mesothelioma” first used • 1930s, Regulations included industrial hygiene standards, medical examinations, and inclusion of the asbestos industry into the British Workers' Compensation Act • 1970s, an USA court document indicate that asbestos co. hided the fatality of asbestos from the workers • 1970s, EPA & OSHA put regulations on asbestos use • Now, the asbestos is totally banned in most countries

  15. Asbestos production and consumption Global production (10,000 ton/year) Japan (ton/year) China Korea

  16. Now, the usage of asbestos is banned or limited in most countries • For Korea, • From 2009.09, asbestos is banned to be used in any industrial product • From 2007.07, any product containing asbestos is banned to import, produce, or use. • Korea’s regulation on asbestos • “ENFORCEMENT DECREE OF THE QUALITY CONTROL AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT OF INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS ACT”  Asbestos use in any industrial product had been banned or at least limited since Sep. 2009 • “OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ACT”.  Manufacturing, importing, or usage of any product containing asbestos has been completely banned since Sep. 1, 2009.

  17. Impacts on Health

  18. http://www.asbestos.com/assets/images/meso-images/pericardial-mesothelioma-diagram.jpghttp://www.asbestos.com/assets/images/meso-images/pericardial-mesothelioma-diagram.jpg

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