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Solubility

Solubility. Section 7.1. Solubility. When we dissolve a solute in water, there is a point where no more will dissolve Saturated solution - a solution containing the maximum quantity of a solute at specific temperature and pressure conditions

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Solubility

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  1. Solubility Section 7.1

  2. Solubility • When we dissolve a solute in water, there is a point where no more will dissolve • Saturated solution - a solution containing the maximum quantity of a solute at specific temperature and pressure conditions • look for the presence of undissolved solids in the solution • Solubility – the concentration of a saturated solution of a solute at a specific temperature and pressure • Units for solubility are usually grams of solute per 100 mL of solvent (g/100mL)

  3. Other Important Terms • Unsaturated solution = a solution containing less than maximum quantity of a solute at specific temperature and pressure conditions • Supersaturated solution = a solution that contains more of the dissolved material than could be dissolved by the solvent under normal circumstances

  4. Solubility tables (pg. 324) • ionic compounds are listed as having either high or low solubility at SATP (25°C and 100 kPa) • anions paired with particular cations have either: • High solubility OR • Low solubility

  5. Solubility Categories • High solubility = with a maximum concentration at SATP (standard ambient temperature and pressure) of greater than or equal to 0.1mol/L • Low solubility = with a maximum concentration at SATP of less than 0.1mol/L • Insoluble = a substance that has a negligible solubility at SATP

  6. Solubility of Solids • Solubility of a solid changeswith temperature • Higher solubility at higher temperatures • in industry, the solute is isolated from many solutions by evaporating the solvent • this increases the concentration of a solution and once it is greater than the solubility, the solute crystallizes (precipitates) out • Solubility Curve = a graph of solubility versus temperature

  7. Solubility Curve of Solids (pg. 316)

  8. Solubility of Gases • Gases have a higher solubility at lower temperatures • Think: Pop • glass of cola sitting in the refrigerator as compared to one sitting on the kitchen counter • Can of pop is also stored under pressure • Increased pressure = increased solubility

  9. Homework • Worksheet: Solubility Curves & Solubility Tables

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