Physics working group

2. Physics working group – (not quite a) summary and plans … with grateful thanks to PhysWG speakers and those who took part in the discussions

3. Contents • Introduction and motivation • The most difficult task (!) • What to assume about the machines • Impact • Muon physics • Work to do in preparation for first phys. grp. w/s • Theoretical subgroup • Phenomenological subgroup • Experimental subgroup • Summary

4. Introduction • The neutrino standard model? • Three active flavours • Three, Dirac, mass eigenstates • Neutrino mass scale • Mass hierarchy • MNS mixing matrix • Three mixing angles • One CP phase • Physics beyond The Standard Model

5. Motivation: de Gouvea, Hernandez • The masses are so different, that must be a clue … • Neutrino mixing so different from quark mixing, that must be clue …

6. Motivation: the era of sensitivity … de Gouvea Hernandez

7. Motivation: … and precision Neutrino Factory  Super-beam O.Mena (hep-ph/0503097) Beta-beam Burguet et al. (hep-ph/0503021)

8. Palladino Two main physics strategies use of the high neutrino rate (>1020/year) and energy (10-50 GeV) of Neutrino Factory + LMD(“SuperMinos”) detector of large but not huge mass (50-100 Kt), necessarily magnetic (a dense magnetized Iron detector, or, possibly, Li-Argon), a few 1000 Km away. m  νe + νm Nufact05 R&D into machine (MERIT, MICE, …) essential use of the lower neutrino rate (1018-19/year) and energy (sub-GeV) of Betabeam + “Megaton” low density detector of very large mass (0.5-1 Mt) and volume (0.5-1 Mm3) non magnetic (a Water Cerenkov detector, or possibly, again Li-Argon), a few 100 Km away (except for AGS). bνe NNN05 V. Palladino:Super Conventional Beams

9. The most challenging task: 1 • Optimum schedule • Science driven • Potential match to funding window • Challenge: • To make the case! Era of sensitivity & precision Era of sensitivity & precision Incremental

10. The most challenging task: 2 Incremental: Implicationwait until13 known To refute: Have to show that there exists a facility that gives significant improvement over all 13

11. Machine assumptions: Kirk • Super-beam and Neutrino Factory  only, one sign

12. Machine assumptions: Benedict • Beta-beam, reference facility (100/100)

13. Machine assumptions: Lindroos/Hernandez • Green-field facility (350/350)

14. Impact: • Large scale structure: Kachelreiss • Power-density of CMB has significant implications for neutrino mass • Challengesof neutrinophysics:King

15. Impact: … models Tri-bimaximal mixing: Hypothesis: Motivated by ‘symmetry’ Models: Links quarks and leptons Constraint! King

16. Lepton Flavor Violation Muon MDM (g-2) chiral changing Muon EDM Lee Roberts Ellis The Muon Trio:

17. General Statements • We know that n oscillate • neutral lepton flavor violation • Expect Charged lepton flavor violation at some level • enhanced if there is new dynamics at the TeV scale • in particular if there is SUSY • We expect CP in the lepton sector (EDMs as well as n oscillations) • possible connection with cosmology (leptogenesis)

18. At a n -factory, also have a m -factory • This flux will permit: • A dedicated search for a permanent muon EDM ( P, T ) to 10-24 e cm and beyond. • Search for muon Flavor Violation to below 10-18 to 10-19 level, or if m FV is observed, it will be possible to make detailed studies of the reaction

19. First steps towards physics chapter

20. Propose: • Series of w/ss to focus work and to share tools and ideas • Each w/s documents progress and identifies next steps • Need to specify goals for first workshop • This week! • Plan to run as a ‘drop in centre’: • Recognises that not all cancome for all the days … though great if you can • Weekend included for those that it helps with travel • Working meeting – emphasis on discussion and WORK! • Specific goals now defined! • WWW page to be updated

21. Common tools: Huber • Enhance efficiency of those new to calculating sensitivities to oscillation parameters

22. Theoretical subgroup: • Main task: • What is scientific gain of precision measurements of neutrino properties? • Origin of universe … c.f. • Origin of mass for LHC • Super-symmetry – the last space-time symmetry – for ILC • Neutrino mass • Argument presented by Pilar • Job in preparation for w/s #1: • Test to see if ‘origin of universe’ argument could be developed • Steve King (with KL as naïve follower) • Development of mass-scale arguments • Andre de Gouvea

23. Phenomenological subgroup Yasuda n Sensitivity to unitarity and physics beyond SM Standard scenario assumes three flavors and vanishing off-diagonal elements of the matter term: Precision required to test scenarios? Possible source of violation of unitarity: u scenario 1: existence of sterile neutrinos u scenario 2: existence of flavor changing n int.

24. Pheno/Experimental subgroup • Calculate sensitivity in 13 -  plane: • Two reference superbeams SPL, T2K, NOvA • Obtain BNL info for w/s • Two reference beta-beams (100/100), (350/350) • Baselines: 130, 700 • Two reference neutrino factories (20, 50) – assume store both charges • Baselines • Define reference 1000, 3000 • … but hope that some optimisation can be done AEDL for options to be posted on WWW • Action: Patrick Huber/KL • Comparison of results: • From GLOBES: Patrick Huber, Paul Harrison (et al) • From ‘Valencia code’: Pilar Hernandez (et al) • From ‘Madrid code’: Stefano Rigolin (et al.) • What: • Perform fits for small number of assumed parameter sets • Comment on discrete degeneracies • Goal is to establish a baseline for development of comparison of facilities alone and in combination • Need i/p from detector group … detector performance assumptions: • Suggest: • Iron Cal: MINOS + high granularity - for NF for 14Nov • LAr? • H2O Ç – for sb and low gamma beta beam for 14Nov • Scint – for high gamma beta beam for 14Nov • Emmulsion

25. A challenging programme … • … but at least we’ll have started!