Chapter 9 Section 3

1. Chapter 9 Section 3 The Struggle for Ratification

2. The Federalists • Supported the ratification (approval) of the Constitution. • Felt the Constitution would: 1. Unite the quarreling states. 2. Not threaten the states liberty. 3. Keep the branches of the government in check and not allow them to abuse their power.

3. The Anti-Federalists • Opposed Ratification • Feared that a central government would have too much power over the states. • Complained that there was no bill of rights. • Felt federal courts would swallow up state courts. • Also feared a strong central government might bring a tyranny as bad as the British.

4. Federalists v. Anti-Federalists

5. The Massachusetts Debate • Delaware, Penn., NJ, Georgia, and Conn. all ratified the Constitution. • Weary of a strong central government the Anti-Federalists of Mass. were against ratification. • Promise to add a bill of rights and John Hancock's support helped Mass. become the sixth state to ratify the Constitution.

6. John Hancock-Massachusetts Debate

7. Ratification at Last • June 1788, the Constitution was officially approved when the ninth state, New Hampshire, voted to ratify. • The new government would have little chance of survival if the remaining four states would not ratify. • All states would ratify by 1790 • Electoral College met and elected George Washington, Pres., John Adams, V.P.

8. Ratification by the Constitution

9. George Washington-1st POTUS

10. John Adams- Vice President

11. Bill of Rights • 1st Ten Amendments(changes) to the Constitution are called the Bill of Rights. • Bill of Rights guarantees our most cherished freedoms such as: > freedom of speech > freedom of the press > freedom of assembly > freedom to worship > due process of law Due process of law: Following legal steps in a court of law.

12. Bill of Rights