1 / 32

Descriptive Grammar of English Part 1: Phonetics and Phonology

Descriptive Grammar of English Part 1: Phonetics and Phonology. dr Iwona Kokorniak (with contribution from dr Jarosław Weckwerth ) 25th September 200 8. English nasals : Voicing. All voiced!. The nasals. /m/ voiced bilabial nasal /n/ voiced alveolar nasal /ŋ/ voiced velar nasal.

elmo
Download Presentation

Descriptive Grammar of English Part 1: Phonetics and Phonology

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Descriptive Grammarof EnglishPart 1:Phoneticsand Phonology dr Iwona Kokorniak (with contribution from dr Jarosław Weckwerth) 25thSeptember 2008

  2. English nasals: Voicing All voiced!

  3. The nasals • /m/ voiced bilabial nasal • /n/ voiced alveolar nasal • /ŋ/ voiced velar nasal

  4. no /k/ or /g/at the end!!! The velar nasal in English bank/bæŋk/ sink/sɪŋk/ bang/bæŋ/ sing/sɪŋ/ but

  5. Oral and nasal stops

  6. Velic vs. velar closure

  7. Approximants: Articulation • The active articulator approaches the passive articulator... • ...but the opening is quite wide... • ...and no friction results

  8. The approximants

  9. English approximants /lrw j/ wait /weɪt/ yes /jes/

  10. The approximants • /j/ voiced palatal approximant • /w/ voiced labio-velar approximant • /r/ voiced retroflex approximant • /l/ voiced alveolar approximant

  11. Eng. approximants – Voicing All voiced!

  12. The lateral /l/ • Full contact between the tongue tip and the alveolar ridge • But air escapes along the sides of the tongue

  13. The lateral stop/approximant? • Full contact: stop • Sides of the tongue approach the palate: approximant

  14. The rhotic /r/ • Post-alveolar approximant • Standard IPA symbol: [ɹ]

  15. Retroflex /r/ • In some varieties of English, esp. AmEng • The tip of the tongue may be curled up • Called retroflex/r/ [ ɻ ]

  16. [ɹ] [ ɻ ] Retroflex /r/

  17. Rhoticity • Standard British English, Australian, New Zealand etc.are non-rhotic • /r/ pronouncedonly before a vowel

  18. All varieties right/raɪt/ pride/praɪd/ bury/'beri/

  19. Non-rhotic varieties car/kɑː/ stored/stɔːd/ word/wɜːd/

  20. Rhotic varieties • Standard American, Canadian, Scottish, Irish, etc. are rhotic • /r/ pronouncedwherever it’s spelled

  21. Semivowels /j w/ • Artic. very similar to /i: u:/ • But only used before vowels

  22. Where /j/ is transcribed young/jʌŋ/ beyond /bɪˈjɒnd/ AmEng /bɪˈjɑ:nd/

  23. Where /w/ is transcribed one / won/wʌn/ rewind /rɪˈwaɪnd/

  24. But not after vowels my/maɪ/ NOT /maj/ how/haʊ/ NOT /haw/

  25. Polish vs. English consonants

  26. Polish affricates:Zillions! cech/tsex/ wodza/ˈvɔdza/ cieć/tɕetɕ/ dzieci/ˈdʑetɕi/

  27. Why is it good to know? English/h/glottal Polish /x/velar chata/'xata/ Different!!!

  28. More Polish fricatives Alveolo-palatal miś/miɕ/ maź/maɕ/ ziele /ˈʑele/

  29. The velar nasal in Polish ręka/'reŋka/ gęgać/'geŋgatɕ/ bąk/bɔŋk/

  30. Additional Polish nasal Palatal niania /'ɲaɲa/ koń/kɔɲ/

  31. Compare! Velar Palatal Eng, Pol Pol only ŋɲ

  32. Polish vs. English consonants - examples

More Related