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Chapter 4: Problem Solving, Insight, and Activity

Chapter 4: Problem Solving, Insight, and Activity. Gestalt Philosophy Wolfgang Kohler John Dewey. Leslie Ankney. Gestalt Introduction Activity. Which of these two pictures is easier to remember?. http:// www.users.totalise.co.uk/~kbroom/Lectures/gestalt.htm. Kohler’s View of the mind.

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Chapter 4: Problem Solving, Insight, and Activity

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  1. Chapter 4: Problem Solving, Insight, and Activity Gestalt Philosophy Wolfgang Kohler John Dewey Leslie Ankney

  2. Gestalt Introduction Activity Which of these two pictures is easier to remember? http://www.users.totalise.co.uk/~kbroom/Lectures/gestalt.htm Kohler’s View of the mind Leslie Ankney

  3. Wolfgang Kohler: Key Ideas • Problem Solving is essential to learning • Learner must be able to make meaningful connections • Learner is active • Learner responds to meanings to create their own intellectual connection • Learning happens inside one’s brain, its invisible http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Psych/rwozniak/312.html Leslie Ankney

  4. Kohler’s Theory in Action Examples in the classroom: Kids problem solve hands on by working in a group to solve a math problem Students design a survey for health class, solicit responses, create a visual graph or model, explain its meaning, and investigate solutions In Social Studies, students create personal timelines to help them understand historic timelines Leslie Ankney

  5. John Dewey “Education is a social process. Education is growth. Education is, not a preparation for life; education is life itself.” ”Skepticism: the mark and even the pose of the educated mind.” 
 ”We only think when we are confronted with problems.” http://images.encarta.msn.com/xrefmedia/sharemed/targets/images/pho/t051/T051424A.jpg John Dewey was a philosopher, psychologist and educational reformer who believed that learning and thinking had evolved because there was a necessary vital reason for them. Sally Swanson

  6. Dewey: Key Points • Influenced by Charles Darwin and evolution • “the human ability to think, and to learn, had evolved as had all the other capacities of living organisms ...to contribute to its survival.” p.38 • Thinking and learning are a vital function of humans • Thinking and learning help humans solve problems, staying safe and planning and productive activity. • Students in schools don't learn • “In nature, thinking was stimulated by problems that the learner was vitally interested in solving.” p.38 • Learner needs to struggle in order for the information to stay longer“ • thinking always gets started when a person genuinely feels a problem arise.”p.39  http://images.encarta.msn.com/xrefmedia/sharemed/targets/images/pho/t051/T051424A.jpg [note] page numbers refer to: Phillips/Soltis, Perspectives on Learning Sally Swanson

  7. Dewey’s Theory in Action • Purposeful activities in social settings • Students creating mental maps as reading notes • Teachers provide the conditions that stimulate learning • Normal Communication with others • Kids write their own math problem that relates to their own life (identity) • Students learn in a community setting. http://images.encarta.msn.com/xrefmedia/sharemed/targets/images/pho/t051/T051424A.jpg Sally Swanson

  8. References Used • C., Phillips, D. Perspectives on learning. New York: Teachers College, 2004. Print. Images • http://images.encarta.msn.com/xrefmedia/sharemed/targets/images/pho/t051/T051424A.jpg • http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Psych/rwozniak/312.html Text Sally Swanson

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