Introduction to the Microsoft ® Security Development Lifecycle (SDL)

1. Introduction to the Microsoft® Security Development Lifecycle (SDL) Secure software made easier

2. Agenda • Applications under attack • Origins of the Microsoft SDL • What is Microsoft doing about the threat? • Measurable improvements at Microsoft

3. Applications under attack…

4. Cybercrime Evolution 1986–1995 1995–2003 2004+ 2006+ • LANs • First PC virus • Motivation: damage • Internet Era • “Big Worms” • Motivation: damage • OS, DB attacks • Spyware, Spam • Motivation: Financial • Targeted attacks • Social engineering • Financial + Political  Cost of U.S. cybercrime: About $70B Source: U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO), FBI

5. Attacks are focusing on applications % of vulnerability disclosures: Operating system vs browser and application vulnerabilities From the Microsoft Security Intelligence Report V7 90% of vulnerabilities are remotely exploitable Sources: IBM X-Force, 2008

6. Most vulnerabilities are in smaller ISV apps Sources: IBM X-Force 2008 Security Report

7. Origins of the Microsoft SDL…

8. Security Timeline at Microsoft… Now • Optimize the process through feedback,analysis and automation • Evangelize the SDL to the software development community: • SDL Process Guidance • SDL Optimization Model • SDL Pro Network • SDL Threat Modeling Tool • SDL Process Templates 2005-2007 • SDL is enhanced • “Fuzz” testing • Code analysis • Crypto design requirements • Privacy • Banned APIs • and more… • Windows Vista is the first OS to go through full SDL cycle 2004 • Microsoft Senior Leadership Team agrees to require SDL for all products that: • Are exposed to meaningful risk and/or • Are Process sensitive data 2002-2003 • Bill Gates writes “Trustworthy Computing” memo early 2002 • “Windows security push” for Windows Server 2003 • Security push and FSR extended to other products

9. Which apps are required to follow SDL? • Any release commonly used or deployed within an enterprise, business, or organization • Any release that regularly stores, processes, or communicates PII (as defined in Microsoft Privacy Guidelines for Developing Software Products and Services) or other sensitive customer information • Any release that regularly touches or listens on the Internet or other networks • Any release that accepts and/or processes data from an unauthenticated source • Any functionality that parses any file type that is not protected, (i.e. not limited to system administrators) • Any release that contains ActiveX and/or COM controls • All Microsoft, MSN and Live.com online services that are used by external customers and hosted in the MSN environment

10. What is Microsoft doing about the threat?

11. Working to protect our users… Education Process Accountability Administer and track security training Guide product teams to meet SDL requirements Establish release criteria and sign-off as part of FSR Incident Response (MSRC) Ongoing Process Improvements

12. Pre-SDL Requirements: Security Training Assess organizational knowledge on security and privacy –establish training program as necessary • Establish training criteria • Content covering secure design, development, test and privacy • Establish minimum training frequency • Employees must attend n classes per year • Establish minimum acceptable group training thresholds • Organizational training targets (e.g. 80% of all technical personnel trained prior to product RTM) Requirements Design Implementation Verification Release Response

13. Phase One: Requirements Opportunity to consider security at the outset of a project • Development team identifies security and privacy requirements • Development team identifies lead security and privacy contacts • Security Advisor assigned • Security Advisor reviews product plan, makes recommendations,may set additional requirements • Mandate the use of a bug tracking/job assignment system • Define and document security and privacy bug bars Design Implementation Verification Release Response

14. Phase Two: Design • Identify design techniques (layering, managed code, least privilege, attack surface minimization) • Document attack surface and limit through default settings • Define supplemental security ship criteria due to unique product issues • Cross-site scripting tests • Deprecation of weak crypto • Threat Modeling • Systematic review of features and product architecture from a security point of view • Identify threats and mitigations • Online services specific requirements Implementation Verification Release Response Define and document security architecture, identify security critical components

15. Phase Three: Implementation Full spectrum review – used to determine processes, documentation and tools necessary to ensure secure deployment and operation • Specification of approved build tools and options • Static analysis (PREFix, /analyze (PREfast), FXCop) • Banned APIs • Use of operating system “defense in depth” protections(NX, ASLR and HeapTermination) • Online services specific requirements (e.g., Cross-site scripting ,SQL Injection etc) • Consider other recommendations (e.g., Standard Annotation Language (SAL)) Verification Release Response

16. Phase Four: Verification Started as early as possible – conducted after “code complete” stage • Start security response planning – including response plans for vulnerability reports • Re-evaluate attack surface • Fuzz testing – files, installable controls and network facing code • Conduct “security push” (as necessary, increasingly rare) • Not a substitute for security work done during development • Code review • Penetration testing and other security testing • Review design and architecture in light of new threats • Online services specific requirements Release Response

17. Phase Five: Release – Response Plan Creation of a clearly defined support policy – consistentwith MS corporate policies • Provide Software Security Incident Response Plan (SSIRP) • Identify contacts for MSRC and resources to respond to events • 24x7x365 contact information for 3-5 engineering, 3-5 marketing, and 1-2 management (PUM and higher) individuals • Ensure ability to service all code including “out of band” releases and all licensed 3rd party code. Response

18. Phase Five: Release – Final Security Review Verify SDL requirements are met and there are no knownsecurity vulnerabilities • Provides an independent view into “security ship readiness” • The FSR is NOT: • A penetration test – no “penetrate and patch” allowed • The first time security is reviewed • A signoff process • Key Concept: The tasks for this phase are used as a determining factor on whether or not to ship – not used as a “catchall” phase for missed work in earlier phases Response

19. Phase Five: Release – Archive Security response plan complete • Customer documentation up-to-date • Archive RTM source code, symbols, threat models to a central location • Complete final signoffs on Checkpoint Express – validating security, privacy and corporate compliance policies Response

20. Post-SDL Requirement: Response “Plan the work, work the plan…” • Execution on response tasks outlined during Security Response Planning and Release Phases

21. SDL Process Guidance for LOB Apps • Line-of-Business applications are a set of critical computer applications that are vital to running an enterprise, such as accounting, human resources (HR), payroll, supply chain management, and resource planning applications. • Many of the requirements and recommendations in the SDL for online services are closely related to what is required for Line-of-Business applications. • Line-of-Business SDL process guidance allows you to tailor a process specific to your LOB application development while meeting SDL requirements. The Microsoft SDL includes online services and Line-of-Business application development guidance.

22. SDL Guidance for Agile Methodologies • Requirements defined by frequency, not phase • Every-Sprint (most critical) • One-Time (non-repeating) • Bucket (all others) • Great for projects without end dates, like cloud services

23. Secure Software Development Requires Process Improvement • Key Concepts • Simply “looking for bugs” doesn’t make software secure • Must reduce the chance vulnerabilities enter into design and code • Requires executive commitment • Requires ongoing process improvement • Requires education & training • Requires tools and automation • Requires incentives and consequences

24. Measurable Improvements At Microsoft

25. Microsoft SDL and Windows Total Vulnerabilities Disclosed One Year After Release Before SDL After SDL 45% reduction in Vulnerabilities Source: Windows Vista One Year Vulnerability Report, Microsoft Security Blog 23 Jan 2008

26. Microsoft SDL and SQL Server Total Vulnerabilities Disclosed 36 Months After Release After SDL Before SDL 91% reduction in Vulnerabilities Sources: Analysis by Jeff Jones (Microsoft technet security blog)

27. Summary Attacks are moving to the application layer SDL = embedding security into software and culture Measurable results for Microsoft software Microsoft is committed to making SDL widely available and accessible

28. Resources • SDL Portal http://www.microsoft.com/sdl • SDL Blog • http://blogs.msdn.com/sdl/ • SDL Process on MSDN (Web) • http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc307748.aspx • SDL Process on MSDN (MS Word) • http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=d045a05a-c1fc-48c3-b4d5-b20353f97122&displaylang=en

29. Questions?

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