Color Theory and Hair Lightening

1. Color Theory and Hair Lightening

2. 2. The term LEVEL indicates the ___ of a color. • Density • Lightness or darkness • Color • Saturation • tone

3. 3. The term TONE indicates the __ of a color. • Warmth or coolness • Degree of saturation • Texture • Saturation • density

4. 4. The term SATURATION indicates the ___. • diameter of the hair shaft • number of hairs per square inch • base color of the hair • amount of pigment in a color • lightness or darkness of color

5. 5. Keratin is a(n)___. • pigment • oxidizer • protein • lightener • decolorizer

6. 6. The color of hair that contains no melanin is ___. • Yellow • Blue • Brown • Black • white

7. 7. Which of the following is a warm tone? • Yellow • Blue • Green • Violet • purple

8. 8. Eumelanin and phaeomelanin ___ • Are types of oxidizers • Are used to acid-stabilize H2O2 • Are found in white hair • Are located in the cortex of the hair • Are proteins

9. 9. A(n) ___ can be used to prepare the hair for application of toners or tints. • oxidizer • decolorizer • lightener • bleach • All of the above

10. 10. In cosmetology, VOLUME indicates the ___. • density of the hair • texture of the hair • percentage of ammonia being used • concentration of the H2O2 • liters of water used to rinse

11. 11. Altering the chemical structure of melanin causes ___. • hair to weaken and break off • hair to decolorize • pigment granules to absorb more light • the density of hair to be reduced • the hair to become coarser

12. 12. Hair is less porous near the scalp and more porous at the ends. • TRUE • FALSE

13. 13. The density of hair is a factor that helps to determine natural hair color. • TRUE • FALSE

14. 14. Eumelanin is ___. • the pigment responsible for black color hair color • the decolorizer used to lighten hair • a chemical added to H2O2 to speed up its lightening power • an activator • a protein

15. 15. A substance that releases oxygen while it chemically changes the structure of melanin is a(n)__. • Volumizer • Pigment • Activator • Oxidizer • 3 and 4 are both correct

16. 16. Oxidizers often release heat when they interact with other substances and this heat can be used to speed up the rate of hair decolorization. • TRUE • FALSE

17. 17. Hair near the scalp may lighten slower than the hair ends because • there is more pigment in the hair nearer to the scalp • the hair near the scalp is denser than the hair ends • hair near the ends is less porous • hair near the scalp is less porous • there is less pigment in the hair nearer to the scalp

18. 18. ____ is an inflammation (redness, tenderness, swollen) of the scalp due to exposure to strong oxidizers such as hydrogen peroxide. • Dandruff • Dermatitis • Scabies • Alopecia • Head lice

19. 19. A 90% H2O2 solution is safe to use on clients in a salon. • TRUE • FALSE

20. 20. During the lightening process, ammonia is used __. • as an acid rinse to neutralize the hair • as an acid shampoo to wash the hair • to acid-stabilize hydrogen peroxide • to re-activate acid-stabilized H2O2 • To achieve pale, delicate shades on pre-lightened hair

21. 21. A pigment ___. • changes the chemical structure of melanin so that it no longer reflects visible light • selectively absorbs some λ while reflecting others • Activates H2O2 so that it releases oxygen for the decolorization process • is an oxidizer • is found in the cuticle of hair

22. 22. The TEXTURE of hair refers to the hair’s___. • Diameter • Density • Porosity • Tone • Roughness or smoothness

23. 23. Palest blonde has a color level of ___. • 1 • 3 • 5 • 9 • 10

24. 24. Which of the following is an oxidizer used in the lightening process? • Water • Ammonia • Keratin • H2O2 • neutralizer

25. 25. Hair lightening should always be finished up with an alkaline rinse and followed by an alkaline shampoo. • TRUE • FALSE

26. 26. Resistant hair is hair that ___. • is porous • is nonporous • contains eumelanin • contains phaeomelanin • is fine in texture.

27. 27. The number of hairs per square inch is referred to as the hair’s ___. • texture • tone • saturation • cortex • density

28. 28. Shade, hue, color, and ___ are all basically the same thing. • level • saturation • density • tone • oxidizer

29. 29. BASE COLOR is the ___ of hair. • secondary color • complimentary color • predominant tone • color level • amount of pigment

30. 30. There are only 10 stages to the decolorization process. • TRUE • FALSE

31. 31. ____ is used to swell the hair’s cuticle, increase the pH of the mixture and re-activate the H2O2. • Acid rinse • Acid shampoo • Water • Hydrogen peroxide • ammonia

32. 32. The closer to a LEVEL 1 a hair color is the more ___ it contains. • phaeomelanin • eumelanin • keratin • cortex • cuticle

33. 33. Acid-stabilized H2O2 bleaches hair VERY slowly…..how is this drawback overcome? • The hair is shampooed with an acid shampoo before bleaching • The hair is shampooed with an acid shampoo after bleaching • Ammonia is added to the H2O2 just before it is used • The hair is cut so that there is less hair to bleach • Very hot water is used to open the cuticle which allows the H2O2 to get into the hair faster

34. 34. A 10 volume H2O2 solution would lighten hair more than a 6% H2O2 solution. • TRUE • FALSE

35. 35. Keratin, the protein of hair, contains many bonds that are weakened by the lightening process. What are these bonds called in cosmetology? • Covalent and ionic bonds • Hydrogen and ionic • Salt and sulfur bonds • Strong and weak bonds • Hair bonds and cuticle bonds

36. 36. For many chemical services the rule of thumb is that for every 10oF rise in temperature the rate of chemical reaction ___. • Decreases by half • Increases 2X • Increases 3X • Decreases, but by an unknown amount • Increases, but by an unknown amount