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Masonry Terminology

Masonry Terminology. Mr. Larson 06-07. Unique terms. The masonry industry uses many terms that have no meaning or use to the general public. Terms that are almost comical. Head joints Bed joints Hog in the wall Frog in the brick Butter your ears Burning the joint. More common terms.

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Masonry Terminology

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  1. Masonry Terminology Mr. Larson 06-07

  2. Unique terms • The masonry industry uses many terms that have no meaning or use to the general public. Terms that are almost comical. • Head joints • Bed joints • Hog in the wall • Frog in the brick • Butter your ears • Burning the joint

  3. More common terms • Admixtures: • Materials added to mortar to impart special properties to the mortar. • Anchor: • A piece or assemblage, usually metal, used to attach building parts to masonry or masonry materials.

  4. Anchor

  5. Backup: the part of a masonry wall behind the exterior facing. Bat: A piece of brick. Bed joint: The horizontal layer of mortar on which a masonry unit is laid.

  6. Bond: • Tying various parts of a masonry wall by lapping units one over another or by connecting with metal ties. • Patterns formed by exposed faces of units. • Adhesion between mortar or grout and masonry units or reinforcement. Interlocking masonry bond

  7. Bond Beam: course or courses of a masonry wall grouted and usually reinforced in the horizontal direction. Serves as horizontal tie of wall, bearing course for structural members or as a flexural member itself.

  8. Brick: a solid masonry unit of clay or shale, formed into a rectangular prism while plastic and burned or fired in a kiln.

  9. Clay: a natural, mineral aggregate consisting essentially of hydrous aluminum silicate; it is plastic when sufficiently wetted, rigid when dried and vitrified when fired to a sufficiently high temp. Buttering: placing mortar on a masonry unit with a trowel.

  10. Closer: Last masonry unit laid in a course. It may be whole or a portion of a unit. Course: One of the continuous horizontal layers of units, bonded with mortar in masonry.

  11. Drip: a projecting piece of material, shaped to throw off water and prevent its running down the face of wall or other surface. Ears: the ends of a stretcher block where the head joint is formed; found only on stretcher block that do not have square ends.

  12. Efflorescence: a powder or stain sometimes found on the surface of masonry, resulting form deposition of water soluble salts. Face: • The exposed surface of a wall or masonry unit. • The surface of a unit designed to be exposed in the finished masonry.

  13. Flashing: a thin impervious material placed in mortar joints and through air spaces in masonry to prevent water penetration and/or provide water drainage. Frog: a depression in the bed surface of a brick. Sometimes called a panel.

  14. Grout: Mixture of cementitious material and aggregate to which sufficient water is added to produce pouring consistency without segregation of the constituents. High lift Low lift

  15. Head Joint: The vertical mortar joint between ends of masonry units. Often called cross joint.

  16. Hog in the Wall: The trade term describing a masonry wall that is built to the same height on both ends but that has one end of the wall containing more courses than the other. This is usually caused by one mason laying bigger mortar joints under the bricks than are laid by the other mason.

  17. Racking: a method entailing stepping back successive courses of masonry. Spall: a small fragment removed from the face of a masonry unit by a blow or by action of the elements.

  18. Lead: section of a wall built up and racked back on successive courses. A line is attached to leads as a guide for constructing a wall between them

  19. Soldier: a stretcher set on end with face showing on the wall surface. Stretcher: a masonry unit laid with its greatest dimension horizontal and its face parallel to the wall face. Soldier Stretcher Header Sailor Shiner Rowlock

  20. Stringing Mortar: procedure of spreading enough mortar on a bed to lay several masonry units Temper:to moisten and mix clay, plaster or mortar to a proper consistency

  21. Tooling: compressing and shaping the face of a mortar joint with a special tool other than a trowel. Tuck pointing: filling in with fresh mortar of cutout or defective mortar joint in masonry.

  22. Veneer: a single wythe of masonry for facing purposes, not structurally bonded. Wall tie: a bonder or metal piece which connects wythes of masonry to each other or in other material.

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