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The Ground-Based Millimeter Wave R adiometer MIRA2

Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft. The Ground-Based Millimeter Wave R adiometer MIRA2. Gerhard Kopp , Jochen Groß, Gerd Hochschild, and Rüdiger Lehm

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The Ground-Based Millimeter Wave R adiometer MIRA2

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  1. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft The Ground-Based Millimeter Wave Radiometer MIRA2 Gerhard Kopp, Jochen Groß, Gerd Hochschild, and Rüdiger Lehm Institute of Meteorology and Climate ResearchForschungszentrum und Universität Karlsruhe, Germany • instrument description • campaigns, validation • the Mérida Atmospheric Research Station (MARS) http://www.fzk.de/imk/asf/mira

  2. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Description of MIRA2 • System Characteristics • IF: 2,1 GHz +/- 500 MHz • Receiver Noise Temperature (SSB): 750 K • Mixer: Whisker contacted Shottky Diode Mixer • Physical Mixer Temperature: 30 K • Quasioptics • Beam Waist Radius (w0): 10 mm • Apertures: 2·w0 • Diplexer: Fabry-Pérot • Single Sideband Filter: Martin Pupplett • Acousto Optical Spectrometer (AOS) • Number of Channels: 2048 • Bandwidth: 1 GHz • Frequency Resolution: 1.2 MHz http://www.fzk.de/imk/asf/mira

  3. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Former Campaigns • February – April 1996: Kiruna(67.84°N, 20.41°E, 425 m ASL, Sweden) • March/April 1997: Ny-Ålesund (78.9°N, 11.9°E, 9 m ASL, Swalbard) • January – April 1998: Kiruna(Sweden) • February – March 1999: Kiruna(Sweden) • Nov. 1999 - March 2000: Kiruna(Sweden, THESEO 2000) • Dec. 2000 - March 2001: Kiruna(Sweden) • February - July 2003: Zugspitze (47.4°N, 11°E, 2650 m ASL, Germany) http://www.fzk.de/imk/asf/mira

  4. Institutet för rymdfysik Swedish Institute of Space Physics IRF 35 30 Height [km] 25 20 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 (MIRA - Sonde) / Sonde [%] Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Comparison of Ozone Profiles as Measured by MIRA2 at Kiruna in Winter 2000 with Sonde Measurements • Nine coincident measurements between 22 January and 17 March 2000Sonde profiles smoothed to MIRA resolution Sonde profiles courtesy of Ola Widell, SSC Esrange, Kiruna

  5. 50 40 30 altitude [km] 20 MIRA SCIA (unsmoothed) SCIA (smoothed) 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 vmr [ppmv] Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Ozone of 10 March 2003 over the Zugspitzeas measured by SCIAMACHY and MIRA SCIAMACHY profiles courtesy of Ch. v. Savigny, IUP, University of Bremen

  6. Institutet för rymdfysik Swedish Institute of Space Physics IRF 3.0 MIRA2 2.5 FTIR 2.0 ClO columns [1015 particles / cm2] 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 day of year 2000 Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Comparison of ClO Column abundances as measured by FTIR and MIRA2 at Kiruna in 2000 FTIR columns courtesy of Th. Blumenstock, IMK, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe

  7. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Mérida Atmospheric Research Station (MARS) 8°N, 71°W, 4765 m asl http://www.fzk.de/imk/asf/mira

  8. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Mérida

  9. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Situation in April 2001 http://www.fzk.de/imk/asf/mira

  10. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Situation 28/03/2004 http://www.fzk.de/imk/asf/mira

  11. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Station facilities provided by the Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe • New mains power connection • Mains at 220 V • WLAN connection • UPS • Improved insulation and heating • Webcam http://www.fzk.de/imk/asf/mira

  12. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Northern front of the MARS building

  13. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft The Webcam on Pico Espejo http://www.fzk.de/imk/asf/mira

  14. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Meteorological station • Ultrasonic Wind Obs. • Speed and direction • Precipitation • Air temperature • Air pressure • Global Positioning System for precipitable water vapor columns http://www.fzk.de/imk/asf/mira

  15. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft MIRA2 in the MARS building http://www.fzk.de/imk/asf/mira

  16. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft 100 90 80 70 60 50 tropospheric transmission [%] 40 30 20 10 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145 150 day of year 2004 Tropospheric Transmission between 31 March and 28 May 2004 over Pico Espejo http://www.fzk.de/imk/asf/mira

  17. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft 100 90 80 70 60 tropospheric transmission [%] 50 40 30 20 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 time [h] Tropospheric Transmission on17 April 2004 over Pico Espejo http://www.fzk.de/imk/asf/mira

  18. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft 100 80 measurement 60 fit 40 20 Intensity [K] 0 2 1 0 -1 residuals -2 272.4 272.6 272.8 273.0 273.2 273.4 273.6 273.8 Frequency [GHz] Ozone Measurement of 28 May 2004 at MARS http://www.fzk.de/imk/asf/mira

  19. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft 80 70 a priori 60 retrieval 50 altitude [km] 40 30 20 10 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 vmr [ppmv] Ozone Measurement of 28 May 2004 at MARS http://www.fzk.de/imk/asf/mira

  20. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft The Water vapor Radiometer for Atmospheric Measurements (WaRAM, 22GHz, IUP, University of Bremen) in the MARS building http://www.ram.uni-bremen.de/

  21. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft The DOAS instrument of the IUP, University of Bremen, on Pico Espejo http://www.doas-bremen.de/

  22. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Status of MARS • MIRA, WaRAM, DOAS, GPS, and meteorological station are installed • Some minor problems concerning power supply and network connection • First results of MIRA look very promising

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