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Reading and Writing About Fiction. The Bedford Introduction to Literature. Read Responsively. Definition of literature Value of literature Intense and demanding Must have a conscious, sustained involvement w/a literary work Both the reader and the writer create the work
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Reading and Writing About Fiction The Bedford Introduction to Literature
Read Responsively • Definition of literature • Value of literature • Intense and demanding • Must have a conscious, sustained involvement w/a literary work • Both the reader and the writer create the work • Different people respond differently to the same work
PREDICT • Predict what may happen by relating clues in the story to what you already know. • Say to yourself… • The title suggests that this story may be about… • This character will probably… • The next event is probably going to be… • This story is different from my original prediction. Now I think…
Connect • Connect people, places, and events in the story. Compare with people, places, and events in your own life. • Ask yourself… • How might I act or respond if I were this character? • What events from my life does this situation bring to mind? • Is this setting similar to any place I have been? • Is this character like anyone I have known or read about?
Question • Question constantly to clarify specific aspects of the story. • Ask yourself… • Do I understand what is going on here? • What caused that to happen? • What motivated the character to say or do that? • What does this mean?
Visualize • Visualize the action based on the details you are given. • Ask yourself… • How does this setting/character/object look? • Who is in this scene? • Where are the characters/objects in relation to one another and to their surroundings?
Evaluate • Evaluate by forming opinions and making judgments about the story. After you have finished reading, review and revise your ideas in light of what you have learned. • Ask yourself… • Is this turn of events believable? • Is this character acting or responding in a realistic way? • What is particularly effective about this writer’s style? • Do I agree with this idea?
Review • Review and summarize related events occasionally as you read. • Say to yourself… • So far… • In other words,…
Respond • Respond and react while your are reading. Don’t wait until you get to the end. • Say to yourself… • This character’s actions are so surprising/predictable/unusual… • If I were casting this as a movie, I would…
Formula Fiction • formula fiction • title • plot • heroine • hero • secondary characters • setting • love scenes • writing • length
Plot • Plot • exposition • conflict • rising action • climax • falling action • resolution • flashback
Character • Characterization • direct characterization • indirect characterization • dynamic character • static character • flat character • stock character • round character • antagonist • protagonist • foil
Setting • Setting • time • place • social environment
Point of View • Narrator • Omniscient narrator • Editorial omniscience • Neutral omniscience • Limited omniscient narrator • Stream of consciousness technique • Objective point of view • First-person narrator • Unreliable narrator • Naïve narrator
Symbolism • Conventional symbols • Literary symbol • Allegory
Literary Elements • Theme • Style • Diction • Syntax • Tone • Mood • Irony • Verbal irony • Situational irony • Dramatic irony