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Unit II Review

Lisa Logan Melissa Sanchez Brery Salcedo. Unit II Review. 500 C.E. – 600 C.E. Justinian became the Emperor of the Byzantine Empire . He reigned during 527 C.E. – 565 C.E . He rebuilt Constantinople including Hagia Sophia in 537. He transformed Roman Law with Corpus I uris Civilis .

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Unit II Review

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  1. Lisa Logan Melissa Sanchez Brery Salcedo Unit II Review

  2. 500 C.E. – 600 C.E. • Justinian became the Emperor of the Byzantine Empire. • He reigned during 527 C.E. – 565 C.E. • He rebuilt Constantinople including Hagia Sophia in 537. • He transformed Roman Law with Corpus IurisCivilis.

  3. 500 C.E. – 600 C.E. • The Nike Revolt takes place in 532 and destroys large part of Constantinople. • In 533 , Belisarius conquers the Vandal kingdom in Northern Africa for the Byzantine Empire. • Belisarius also conquers the Ostrogothic kingdom of Italy for Byzantine Empire in 535.

  4. 500 C.E. – 600 C.E. • Justinian I abandons plans to conquer Gaul and Britain after plague strikes Constantinople in 541. • In 552 , silk production begins after being introduced because of the smuggling of silkworms from China.

  5. 500 C.E. – 600 C.E. • Chlothar I temporarily reunites Clovis' Frankish kingdoms in 558. • However , when he dies in 561 the Frankish kingdoms redivde. • 4 years later in 565 Justinian I dies after 38 years of reign.

  6. 500 C.E. – 600 C.E. • In 568 , Alboin founds Lombard kingdom in Italy. • King Chosroes of Persia dies after 48 year reignin 579. • He reestablished Persian power from Red Sea to Oxus River.

  7. 500 C.E. – 600 C.E. • Yang Jian murders Zhou in 581. • Proclaims himself Emperor Wendi and begins Sui Dynasty in China after the murder of Zhou. • In 585 , Soga clan adopts Buddhism in Japan. • However the first Buddhist monastery in Japan wasn’t built until 587.

  8. 600 C.E. – 700 C.E. • First St. Paul's Cathedral built in Londonin 603 • In 610, Muhammad begins preaching in Mecca. • In 618, Li Yuan murders Chinese emperor Yangdi • Li Yuan later becomes Gaozu establishes the Tang Dynasty.

  9. 600 C.E. – 700 C.E. • Persian King Chosroes II conquers Rhodesin 620 • Persian Empire reaches extent of Darius' 6th Century BCE empire • In 621 , the Chinese government establishes state department for the manufacture of porcelain.

  10. 600 C.E. – 700 C.E. • Muhammad forced to flee Mecca for Medina in 622. • This becomes basis for the Islamic tradition of the hijra • In 628 , Muslim army captures Mecca. • Later on in 630 , Muhammad returns to Mecca with the Koran. • However in 632 , Muhammad dies

  11. 600 C.E. – 700 C.E. • Abu Bakr becomes caliph in Medina (632-634) • The death of Abu makes Umar the new caliph of Medina in 632. • East Anglia converted to Christianity in 633. • Islamic forces under Khalid ibn al-Walid conquer Syria and Palestine in 636 ( Battle of Yarmuk )

  12. 600 C.E. – 700 C.E. • Caliph Umar assassinated in 644 which makes Uthman the new caliph • In 651, the end of the Sassanid Dynasty in Persia comes because of the assassination of Sassanid King Yazdegerd III

  13. 600 C.E. – 700 C.E. • Caliph Uthmanassassinated in 656 , Ali becomes caliph • First Shinto shrines built in Japan in 659 • Sunni and Shi'a branches of Islam split over succession to the Caliphate in 661. • Dome of the Rock is completed by Caliph Abdel-Malik (692)

  14. 600 C.E. – 700 C.E. • First Islamic coins minted in Damascus(695) • In 697 , Dogeships in Venice • Leading Mesoamerican city of Teotihuacán destroyed in 700

  15. 700 C.E. – 800 C.E. • Islamic army invades Iberian Peninsula in 711. • Ono Yasumara'sKojikiwas the first written history of Japan which came to be in 712. • In 726, Byzantine emperor Leo III initiates iconoclastic movement in Constantinople.

  16. 700 C.E. – 800 C.E. • 55 ft. statue of the Buddha, Rushanabutsu, completed in Japan in 752. • The three-field crop rotation system introduced in Europe by 765 and greatly used. • In 774, Charlemagne visits Rome where he took Lombardy into Frankish kingdom

  17. 700 C.E. – 800 C.E. • Heian (Kyoto) becomes permanent capital of Japan in 794 , however will change again in1868. • Palatine Chapel built in Aix-la-Chapelle (796) • In 800, Pope Leo III crowns Charlemagne Emperor of the Romans.

  18. 800 C.E. – 900 C.E. • Charlemagne completes conquest and conversion of Saxony by 804 but dies in 814 • Tang emperor begins issuing paper currency in China in 811. • Carrier pigeon services established in Arab lands (837)

  19. 800 C.E. – 900 C.E. • When Louis the Pious dies in 840 civil war in Frankish kingdom between his sons. • Treaty of Verdun permanently splits Charlemagne's empire in 843. • Also in 843, Kenneth MacAlpin unites Scots and Picts, founding the medieval kingdom of Scotland.

  20. 800 C.E. – 900 C.E. • Chinese government launches persecution of Buddhists in 845. • China printed its first book in 853. • Byzantine emperor Michael III sends Cyril and Methodius to convert slavs in 862 ; Where the origin of the Cyrillic alphabet came from

  21. 800 C.E. – 900 C.E. • Charles II of France consolidates feudal system in 877. • After Charles III dies the Frankish empire collapses , and Independent kingdom of Burgundy established in 888. • Magyars raid Bulgaria where they settle in Central Europe in 895.

  22. 900 C.E. – 1000 C.E. • In 909 , Abbey of Cluny founded in eastern France. • Wood-block printing in China began in 932. • Zhao Kuangyin founds the Song Dynasty in China. (960) • Otto I crowned Holy Roman emperor by Pope John XII which marked the beginning of the Holy Roman Empire in 962.

  23. 900 C.E. – 1000 C.E. • Fatimids conquer Egypt and move capital to Cairo in 969 • Eric the Red begins viking invasion of Iceland which began in 982. • In 983, Ahmad ibnBuwayhAsud ad-Dawla rises to power in Persia, and he reintroduces ancient title of Shahanshah (King of Kings)

  24. 900 C.E. – 1000 C.E. • Earliest known astrolabe, a tool for navigation, was first used in Persia in 984. • In 987, Hugh Capet founds Capetian royal line in France. • Vladimir the Great of Kiev converts to Christianity, founding the Russian Orthodox Church (988)

  25. 900 C.E. – 1000 C.E. • Venice gains independence from Byzantine Empire in 992. • Pope John XV canonizes Ulric, bishop of Augsburg which was the first documented papal canonization (993)

  26. 1000 C.E. – 1100 C.E. • The approximate date of Leif Ericson's voyages from Greenland was 1003. • The floating magnetic compass invented in China (1020) • Cnut unifies England, Denmark, and Norway under one crown by 1028.

  27. 1000 C.E. – 1100 C.E. • Astrolabe started being used in Europe in 1050. • Pope Leo IX and the Patriarch of Constantinople excommunicate each other this was the final step in the Great Schism between the Catholic and Orthodox churches (1054)

  28. 1000 C.E. – 1100 C.E. • Pope Gregory VII decrees papal supremacy inDictatuspapae; Beginning of Investiture Controversy between the Pope and Holy Roman Emperor in 1075. • In 1078, the construction on the Tower of London begins. • William I of England commissions the DomesdayBook (1085).

  29. 1000 C.E. – 1100 C.E. • Pope Urban II expels antipope Clement III from Rome (1094) • Pope Urban II proclaims First Crusade against Islamic conquests in the Middle East in 1095. • Crusaders capture Jerusalem when the first Crusade ends in 1099.

  30. 1100 C.E. – 1200 C.E. • In 1123, the First Lateran Council condemns simony and clerical marriage in Europe. • The first use of flying buttresses in construction of St. Denis was in 1129. • First recorded autopsy performed in China was in 1145.

  31. 1100 C.E. – 1200 C.E. • Also in 1145, Pope Eugene III proclaims Second Crusade to recapture Crusader Kingdom of Edessa. • The Chinese first developed rockets in 1150.

  32. 1100 C.E. – 1200 C.E. • Toltec Empire destroyed in Mesoamerica by 1168. • The Almohads move their capital to Seville in 1170. • Also in 1170, the Almohad Dynasty has conquered much of North African and consolidated the smaller Islamic kingdoms in Spain.

  33. 1100 C.E. – 1200 C.E. • Pope Gregory VIII calls for Third Crusade to halt in 1187 for Saladin's conquests in the Middle East. • MinamotoYaritomo adopts the title Shogun in 1192 which created Shogunate government which will last until 1868.

  34. 1200 C.E. – 1300 C.E. • Mongol prince Temüjin takes the official title of Genghis Khan in 1203. • In 1208, Pope Innocent III declares crusade against Albigensian heresy in Languedoc. • King John of England and English barons sign the Magna Carta (1215)

  35. 1200 C.E. – 1300 C.E. • In 1275, Marco Polo arrives at Kublai Khan's court in China. • Ottokar of Bohemia surrenders lands to Emperor Rudolf I which begins the Habsburg Dynasty in Austria in 1276. • First recorded spinning wheel in Germany (1280)

  36. 1200 C.E. – 1300 C.E. • William of St. Cloud observes the sun through a camera obscura in 1285. • The Grand Canal was completed in 1289 in China. • Marco Polo returns from China in 1295. • In1298, Edward I of England defeats William Wallace at Falkirk.

  37. 1300 C.E. – 1450 C.E. • In 1309, Pope Clement V moves the papacy to Avignon, France. • The first forged iron cannons made in France were in 1324 • Aztecs settle in Tenochtitlán in 1325.

  38. 1300 C.E. – 1450 C.E. • Bubonic plague strikes China in 1333 ; Later striking the rest of Asia and Europe. • In 1337, Philip VI of France confisates English territory in Gascony which came to be the beginning of the Hundred Years War

  39. 1300 C.E. – 1450 C.E. • Emperor Charles IV issues Golden Bull establishing a system of seven Electors in the Holy Roman Empire in 1356. • In 1360, Timurbegins rise to military prominence when he first conquers Transoxiana . • Papal Palace completed in Avignon, France (1364)

  40. 1300 C.E. – 1450 C.E. • End of Babylonian Captivity for the Roman Catholic Church in 1377. • The Bible was translated into English by Wycliffe in 1382 • In 1386, the last pagan ruler in Europe, Jogalia of Lithuania, converts to Christianity founding the Polish-Lithuanian dynastic union.

  41. 1300 C.E. – 1450 C.E. • First European school of navigation founded in Portugal by Prince Henry the Navigator in 1419. • In 1423, the Venetian-Turkish Wars begin. • Vietnam gains independence from Ming China by 1428. • English army begins siege of Orleans in 1428.

  42. 1300 C.E. – 1450 C.E. • Azores discovered by Gonzalo Cabral of Portugal in 1432. • Beginnings of printing in Europe started in 1438. • In 1450, Florence becomes center of Italian Renaissance.

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