Horses

1. Horses

2. Fast Facts • Type: Mammal • Diet: Herbivore • Size: Height at the shoulders, 30 to 69 in (76 to 175 cm) • Weight:120 to 2,200 lbs (54 to 998 kg) • Size relative to a 6-ft (2-m) man:

3. History • Asian nomads • 4,000 years ago • Culturally honored for heroics • Only one domestic horse • Around 400 specialized breeds • All horses are grazers. • Domestic and wild • Feral • Mustangs • Wild gather in groups of 3-20 • A stallion (mature male) leads the group, • Mares and young foals • Two yr colts are sent away by stallion

4. Fun Fact • The Przewalski's horse is the only truly wild horse whose ancestors were never domesticated. • Ironically, this stocky, sturdy animal exists today only in captivity. • The last wild Przewalski's horse was seen in Mongolia in 1968

5. Vocab • Ascarids • Parasites that can seriously compromise a horse’s health; roundworms that can lead to serious complications that may even lead to death. • Bay • Hair coat color of horses, characterized by a reddish brown body color with a black mane, tail, ear edges, and lower legs; most common coloring • Equine • Includes horses, donkeys, and zebras

6. Vocab • Equitation • The art or practice of horse riding or horsemanship • Frog • Part of a horse's hoof, located on the underside, which should touch the ground if the horse is standing on soft footing

7. Vocab • Gelding • A castrated horse or other equine such as a donkey or a mule • Horsemanship • The art of riding horses (equitation)

8. Vocab • Mare • An adult female horse or other equine • Stallion • A male horse that has not been gelded (castrated) • Mustang • A free-roaming horse of the North American west that first descended from horses brought to the Americas by the Spanish

9. Vocab • Bronco • An untrained horse or one that habitually bucks. • It may refer to a feral horse that has lived in the wild its entire life, but is also used to refer to domestic horses not yet fully trained to saddle • Colt • A male horse, under the age of four • Farrier • A specialist in equine hoof care • Including the trimming and balancing of horses' hooves and the placing of shoes on their hooves

10. Vocab • Filly • A young female horse too young to be called a mare • Usually younger than four • Foal • An equine, particularly a horse, that is one year old or younger • Foaling • The act of giving birth; parturition

11. Vocab • Gait • The various ways in which a horse can move, either naturally or as a result of specialized training by humans • Tack • Any of the various equipment and accessories worn by horses • Saddles, stirrups, bridles, halters, reins, bits, harnesses, martingales, and breastplates • Mule • Offspring of a male donkey and a female horse

12. Vocab • Pleasure horse • A privately kept horse maintained for pleasure or casual riding, rather than competition or work • Stock horse • A horse that is trained to herd livestock

13. Breeds • Canadian • Developed in Canada • Influenced many other North American breeds, including the Morgan, American Saddlebred, and Standard bred • Known for soundness, hardiness and endurance. • They are willing horses and easy keepers.

14. Breeds • Irish Draught • National horse breed of Ireland • Developed primarily for farm use • Popular for crossing with Thoroughbreds and warm bloods • Excel at the highest levels of eventing and show jumping.

15. Breeds • Arabian (Egyptian) • Distinctive head shape and high tail carriage • One of the most easily recognizable breeds • Versatile breed • Arabians dominate the discipline of endurance riding • One of the top ten most popular horse breeds in the world

16. Breeds • Andalusian • War horse; prized for nobility • Strongly built • Long, thick manes and tails • Known for their intelligence, sensitivity and docility • Originally used for • Classical dressage • Driving • Bullfighting • Stock horses • Modern Andalusians are used for: • Dressage • Show jumping • Driving • Movies, especially historical pictures and fantasy epics.

17. Breeds • Shire • Draught horse • Black, bay and grey • Tall breed • Mares standing (64 inches) • Stallions (68 inches) • Enormous capacity for weight pulling • World records for largest overall horse and tallest horse • Popular for pulling brewery wagons

18. Breeds • Dole Trotter • Subtype of the Dole Gudbrandsdal and a separate breed • Considered a part of the Coldblood trotter type • Smaller, faster horse used for harness racing • Originally used as a pack horse • Today, used mainly for agricultural purposes

19. Breeds • Nez Perce • longer and leaner than the Quarter Horses • Lean runner's appearance • Excel at long rides • Compete well in endurance races • Excellent jumpers • Often "gaited," with a fast and smooth running walk. • They "allow" people to ride them

20. Breeds • Hackney • High-stepping gait • Attractive choice for show work: • Harness • Elegant carriages • Extremely popular today as a show horse.

21. Breeds • Tinker (Gypsy Vanner) • Come in a variety of colors • Predominantly are of piebald • Many draft characteristics • Heavy bone • Abundant feathering on the lower legs. • No exact known history

22. Breeds • Azteca • Well-muscled horses • May be any solid color • Known to compete in many western riding disciplines

23. Breeds • Falabella • One of the smallest breeds of horse in the world • Rare breed, • Only a few thousand in worldwide • Miniature horse-NOT a pony • Considered intelligent, easily trainable • Can only be ridden by very small children • Generally shown in-hand • Can be taught to drive • Jump obstacles up to 3 feet

24. Breeds • Finnish • Both riding horse and draught horse influences • Agricultural and forestry work, harness racing, and riding • Fastest and most versatile "coldblood" breed in the world • Strong, versatile horse with pleasant disposition

25. Breeds • Pinto • Coat color that consists of large patches of white and any other color • Mot a "breed” • Several competing color breed registries encourage the breeding of pinto-colored horses • Visually and genetically distinct from spotting patterns characteristic of horses such as the Appaloosa

26. Breeds • Mongolian • Largely unchanged since Genghis Khan • Horses, not ponies • Mare's milk is processed airag • Some are slaughtered for meat • Serve as riding animals • For the daily work of the nomads • In horse racing.

27. Breeds • Thoroughbred • Best known for its use in horse racing • Thoroughbred is sometimes used to refer to any breed of purebred horse, • Technically refers only to the Thoroughbred breed. • Considered "hot-blooded" horses • Known for their agility, speed and spirit.

28. Breeds • Clydesdale • Originally one of the smaller breeds of draught horses • Now a tall breed • Often bay in color • Significant white markings • Originally used for agriculture and haulage • Still used for draught purposes today

29. Breeds • Westphalian • Appealing, long-lined, correct riding • Bold, expansive, elastic gaits, • Suitable for all types of riding due to temperament • Pleasure riding and competitive in dressage and show jumping

30. Breeds • Barb • Desert breed • Great hardiness • Stamina • Generally possesses a fiery temperament • Atypical sport-horse conformation • Light riding horse

31. Breeds • Lusitano • Any solid color • Generally gray, bay or chestnut • Heavy muscling, intelligent and willing natures • Agile and elevated movement • Originally bred for war, dressage and bullfighting • Bloodless bullfighting today

32. Breeds • Belgian • Strongest and heaviest breed • Still used as working animals • Popular as show horses, and pleasure riding horses. • The Brabant and related breeds remaining in Belgium today are also desirable for horse meat, producing a tender meat that is considered a delicacy

33. Breeds • Palomino • A coat color in horses • Gold coat and white mane and tail. • Standard definition of a palomino is based on the coat color visible, not the underlying presence of the dilution gene.

34. Breeds • Mustang • Free-roaming horse • Often referred to as wild horses • Descended from once-domesticated horses • Can be classified as feral horses. • Very hardy

35. Breeds • Caspian • Believed to be one of the oldest horse or pony breeds in the world • Valued for their speed and ability to pull or carry heavy • Known for their good temperaments and ‘horse-like’ personalities • Excellent children's mounts • Level pace, natural grace and balance • Sensible but active, impressive in mounted games

36. Breeds • Quarter Horse • excels at sprinting short distances • Name: ability to outdistance other breeds of horses in races of a quarter mile or less • Most popular breed in the United States today • Race horse; rodeos, horse shows and ranch horse • Well-suited for: • Reining • Cutting • Working cow horse • barrel racing • calf roping

37. Breeds • Percheron • Well-muscled • Known for their intelligence and willingness to work • Originally bred for use as war horses • Used for pulling stage coaches • Later for agriculture and hauling heavy goods

39. Tack • Saddle • Stirrup • Headgear • Halter • Bridle • Reins • Bit • Harness • Breastplates & martingales

40. Saddles • Attaches you to the horse

41. Stirrup • Attaches your foot to the horse

42. Halter/Bridle • Difference?

43. Reins & Bit • Control the horse

44. Harness

45. Harness • Simplified:

46. Breastplate & Martingale

47. Cost?? • Average tack cost: • Saddle: $100-$5000 • Bridle: $25-$100 • Bit: $50-$100 • Reins: $25-$50

48. Costs of horse ownership • Rough expense list: • Feed: $36 • Hay : $48 • Bedding if needed: $16 • Wormer. generic ivermectrin: $3 every other month • Salt or mineral blocks: $2 for the stall ones, $5 for 50# • Trims: $20-$40 • Yearly vaccines by vet: $100 • Dental care: $100 • Tack = depends • $500-$10,000 • Other expenses: Grooming tools, shampoos, fly spray, first aid kit.Budget at least $100 and up. • Slush fund for emergency vet care: set aside $200 if something easy to treat. Plan for the worst if you can. • Monthly total: $723.50 • Yearly total: $8,682.00

49. Uses • Sport • Work • Entertainment • Therapuetic • Warfare • Product

50. Sport • Dressage • Eventing • Show jumping • Rodeo • Sport/Fox hunting • Horse racing • Flat • Steeple chasing • Harness racing • Competitive driving • Endurance racing • Horse shows • “In-hand” • Polo • Jousting • Buzkashi