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KEYNOTE 3 Educating Students for the Global Economy. Christopher Tremewan. Critique. Jobs unfilled because graduates ‘lack basic leadership skills’ (Association of Graduate Recruiters) Fewer than 10 per cent of Chinese graduates are suitable for employment in a foreign company (McKinsey & Co).
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KEYNOTE 3Educating Students for the Global Economy Christopher Tremewan
Critique • Jobs unfilled because graduates ‘lack basic leadership skills’ (Association of Graduate Recruiters) • Fewer than 10 per cent of Chinese graduates are suitable for employment in a foreign company (McKinsey & Co)
Global economic trends • BRICs = Brazil, Russia, India, China • By 2025 BRICs = 50%+ of economic size of G6
US: US$312.5 billion EU: US$211.2 billion Japan: US$112.7 billion China: US$102.6 billion Korea: US$24.3 billion Singapore: US$ National Research Funding
Science / Engineering Graduates • 1970 Over 50% of world’s science and engineering doctorates from US • 2001 EU granted 40% more science and engineering doctorates than US. By 2010, EU will produce twice as many. • 1975 China graduated very few doctoral students • By 2003 13,000 doctoral students had graduated. 70% in science and engineering • In 2000 only 17% of undergraduate degrees in US in science and engineering • World average 27% • China 52% Source: Harvard Magazine, November/December 2005
Doctoral Graduates Engineering Doctoral Degrees 20,000 15,000 US France, Germany, UK 10,000 Japan China 5,000 0 1995 1990 2000 2005 2010 Reproduced from: China’s Great Leap Forward: High Technology and Military Power in the next half Century, Hudson Institute, 2005
Rising Demand for Higher Education 100 Asia America Europe Number of students (millions) Africa 0 1990 2005 2025 Source: The Observatory on Borderless Higher Education, 2002 / Shih Choon Fong, NUS
Transition • “Universities will lose between a fifth and a third of their staff in the first decade of the 21st Century“ • “…between 40 and 60 per cent of professors in Australia, Austria, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden and the UK [are] aged 55 or more” • “Britain ….will need to recruit 19,000 to replace those retiring in next ten years” • “Canada will need 2,500-3,000 each year for the next 10 years, compared with the 900 who are recruited at the moment.” • “The primary challenge of the next decade for Australian universities will be the replacement of the baby boom generation.”
Rankings * Shanghai Jiao Tong Academic Ranking of World Universities 2005 ** 2050 “U21-SJT” Index
Educating the public • Engaging business, government, academia, the community on knowledge society issues • System design – differentiation, articulation and pathways • Partnership to shape economic goals
Educating institutions • Academic reform and global challenges • Partnerships and mobility • Cyberinfrastructure • Examples: joint degrees, research partnerships, teaching collaborations, business partnerships, internships, *spark, bioenterprise, icehouse, leadership institute, career networking
Educating students – soft skills • Culture of higher education * Contestation of ideas • Global languages * English + Chinese, Spanish, Arabic * Molecular biology
In summary • Trends in the global economy – international competitiveness • Educating the public – a national conversation • Educating institutions – intellectual dynamism and system design related to global issues, partnerships and mobility • Educating students – the software of contestation of ideas and global languages