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Carboxylic Acids

Carboxylic Acids. Functional group: O -C-OH Carboxylic acids are named by taking the number of carbons and adding the suffix –anoic acid eg. pentanol  pentanoic acid. Properties of COOH. Weak acids – turn litmus pink, fizz with magnesium Soluble in water (polar) Not flammable

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Carboxylic Acids

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  1. Carboxylic Acids • Functional group:O • -C-OH • Carboxylic acids are named by taking the number of carbons and adding the suffix –anoic acid • eg. pentanol  pentanoic acid 12 Chemistry 2.5 organic chemistry CR 07

  2. Properties of COOH • Weak acids – turn litmus pink, fizz with magnesium • Soluble in water (polar) • Not flammable • React with alcohols to make esters 12 Chemistry 2.5 organic chemistry CR 07

  3. Dissociation of COOH • Carboxylic acids dissociate in water to form: • CH3CH2COOH + H2O  • CH3CH2COO- + H3O+ • Organic acids do not fully dissociate and are weak acids 12 Chemistry 2.5 organic chemistry CR 07

  4. Reactions of COOH • Carboxylic acids react with alcohols to produce esters: • RCOOH + R1OH  RCOOR1 + H2O Heat + conc H2SO4 12 Chemistry 2.5 organic chemistry CR 07

  5. Esterification • This is called an esterification reaction and esters have a characteristically fruity smell. • conc H2SO4 is a dehydrating agent it removes water and drives the equilibrium forward. 12 Chemistry 2.5 organic chemistry CR 07

  6. Naming Esters • You name esters from the alcohol first then the COOH • eg. Ethanol + methanoic acid  • ethyl methanoate 12 Chemistry 2.5 organic chemistry CR 07

  7. O • CH3CH2OH + HCOH • O • HC OCH2CH3 ethyl methanoate is made from ethanol and methanoic acid ethyl methanoate 12 Chemistry 2.5 organic chemistry CR 07

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