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BY:ALAMIREW M.

INTRODUCTION TO TRANSPORTATION PLANNING. BY:ALAMIREW M. Transportation System. Is a planned network of elements or physical components that play different roles in the transportation of people & goods

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BY:ALAMIREW M.

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  1. INTRODUCTION TO TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BY:ALAMIREW M.

  2. Transportation System • Is a planned network of elements or physical components that play different roles in the transportation of people & goods • The elements or physical components of a transport system are referred to as the facilities. • A transportation system can therefore be considered as consisting of fixed facilities, the flow entities, and control system that permit the movements of peoples and goods.

  3. Fixed Facilities • Are the physical components of the system that are fixed in space and constitutes the network oflinksand nodes of the transportation system. • The links could be roadway segment and railway track • The nodes could be intersections, interchanges, transit terminals, harbors, and airports • The design of these fixed facilities has traditionally been within the realm of civil engineering. • The design includes: • soil and foundation engineering design, • structural engineering design, • the design of drainage systems, and • geometric design, which is concerned with the physical proportioning of the elements of fixed facilities.

  4. Flow Entities • Are the units that traverse the fixed facilities. These include people, vehicles, container units, railroad cars, and so on. • In the case of a road system, the fixed facilities are expected to accommodate a wide variety of vehicle types, ranging from bicycles to large track-trailer .

  5. Control System • The control system consists of vehicular control and flow control. Vehicular control refers to the technological way in which individual vehicles are guided on fixed facilities. Such controls can be manual or automated. • In the case of highway facilities, where the vehicles are manually controlled, these include driver's characteristics, such as time a driver takes to perceive and react to various stimuli. • The flow control system consists of the means that permit the efficient and smooth operation of streams of vehicles and the reduction of conflicts between vehicles. This system includes various types of signing, marking, and signal systems and the underlying rules of operation.

  6. Mobility & Accessibility • Mobilityrefers to the ability to move between different activity sites • If a facility could move people and goods very fast then that facility provides very high mobility • Accessibility refers to the number of activity sites connected by the facility • If a facility provides connection to large number of residences, commercial places and industrial places then it provides very high accessibility • Mobility and accessibility are inversely related.

  7. Major Transportation Systems • Highways • Railways • Airways • Waterways • Pipeline • Conveyor

  8. The Stages of Highway Development • Planning • Project Development • Final Design • Right-of-way, • Construction, And Maintenance

  9. Planning • “… an activity or process that examines the potential of future actions to guide a situation or system toward a desired direction” • Occurs in present but is oriented towards the future • Purpose • Achieve positive goals • Avoid negative consequences • Or both

  10. Scope of transportation planning • All man-made projects should start with a plan • The more significant the project, the more intensive and long term the planning • For large transportation projects, planning starts 20 years before construction

  11. Situation Definition Problem Definition Search for Solutions Feedback Analysis of Performance Evaluation of Alternatives Choice of Projects Design & Construct Planning Process Establishing the Purpose & Need

  12. Project Development • Define the major features of the resulting project through the remainder of the design and construction process. • The basic steps in this stage includes: • Refinement of purpose and need • Development of a range of alternatives • Evaluation of alternatives • Development of appropriate mitigation

  13. Final Design Developing a Concept • Gives the project a focus and helps to move it toward a specific direction. • Integrating many elements in a highway elements to achieve a common goal or concept. • Helps the designer in making design decisions. Considering Scales Detailing the Design • The product of this stage is a complete set of plans, specifications, and estimates of required quantities of materials.

  14. Right-of-way, Construction And Maintenance Right-of-way :- Land needed for the project is acquired. construction :- Selection of contractor, who then builds the project.

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