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Forensic Document Examination Document Evidence Limited. Specimens. Same style of handwriting- BLOCK cursive script. Specimens. Several specimens Roughly contemporaneous Original documents if possible Signatures in same name. Auto Forgery.
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Forensic Document Examination Document Evidence Limited
Specimens Same style of handwriting- BLOCK cursive script
Specimens • Several specimens • Roughly contemporaneous • Original documents if possible • Signatures in same name
Auto Forgery • When someone attempts to deliberately alter their own signature in order to deny it at a later stage
Copy documents, are they good enough? *IT DEPENDS* • Composite documents • Scanned images • No signs of forgery visible? • Clarity of letter designs • Clarity of fluency
Copy Documents Clarity of fluency Discernible formation
Copy Documents Complexity of formation Fluency
Copy Documents Few discernible details Extraneous marks Pen lifts Pixilation of pen line Pen direction
One to One Comparisons • The type of examination regularly undertaken by staff at financial institutes
Typewritten/Printed Documents • Type bar typewriters • Single element typewriters (electric) • Ink jet printers • Laser • Others
Dating of Documents • Handwriting • Typescript • Printers • Photocopiers • Paper • Inks • ESDA • Evidence v Circumstances
Multifaceted Evidence • Often one strand of a comparison gives little useful evidence e.g.: • Ink similarity • Paper similarity • Printing similarity • Layout similarity
Multifaceted Evidence • However, combining strands of apparently inconclusive evidence can lead to an opinion of a common source being reached e.g.: • Paper • Printer • Inks • Layout • Handwriting/signatures
Document Evidence LTD Gatsby Court 172 Holliday Street Birmingham B1 1TJ Telephone – 0121 643 0990 Fax – 0121 633 0288 E-mail – info@docev.co.uk