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African Americans at Mid-Century

African Americans at Mid-Century. racism: prejudice based on race. discrimination: unequal treatment based on a person’s race, gender, religion, place of birth, or other arbitrary characteristic. segregation: the social separation of groups of people, especially by race.

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African Americans at Mid-Century

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  1. African Americans at Mid-Century

  2. racism: prejudice based on race discrimination: unequal treatment based on a person’s race, gender, religion, place of birth, or other arbitrary characteristic segregation: the social separation of groups of people, especially by race

  3. 19A: Working Conditions of Slaves • Slaves work from sunup to sundown. • Some slaves worked in the fields. • Some slaves worked in the house. • Some slaves were skilled craftspeople. • Slaves began to work at age six.

  4. 19B: Living Conditions of Slaves • Slaves lived crowded together in crude cabins. • Few slaves went hungry. They ate cornmeal, bacon, molasses, & food from gardens & hunting. • Slaves wore course linen called “negro cloth.” • Medical treatment was provided, but was not very good.

  5. 19C: Controlling Slaves • Beating • Whipping • Branding • Keeping slaves as ignorant & dependent as possible • Instilling fear

  6. 19D: Resistance to Slavery • Slaves broke tools. • Slaves worked sloppily. • Slaves took food from their owners’ kitchens. • Slaves acted dumb or sick. • Slaves refused orders, ran away, or openly revolted.

  7. 19E: Slave Families & Communities • Positive Aspects: • Most slaves grew up in families with both a father & a mother. • Tight-knit slave families & communities helped slaves cope with slavery. • Negative Aspects: • Laws did not protect slave families. • Owners could break up families through the sale of one slave.

  8. 19F: Leisure Time Activities • Quilting bees • Corn-husking parties • Singing & dancing • Telling tales • Going to church • Playing games

  9. 19G: Slave Churches • The word invisible refers to the fact that slaves had to hide their religious beliefs. • Slave masters tried to use religion to control their slaves. • Slaves worked hard to establish their own, invisible church that expressed their own experience.

  10. 19H: African American Culture • Slaves used African images, such as animals, in their quilts. • Slave spirituals used African rhythms & harmonies. • Slaves dances were based on African traditions. • Slaves told stories that incorporated African legends & folktales.

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