Module 5 Overview Context Content Area: Policy Decisions about Drug Use/Abuse Issues

1. Module 5 Overview Context Content Area: Policy Decisions about Drug Use/Abuse Issues Essential Question (Generic): What should be done when preventable causes of disease are found? Essential Question (Drug Abuse Specific): What should be done when preventable causes of drug abuse are found? Enduring Epidemiological Understanding: Policy decisions are based on more than the scientific evidence. Because of competing values - social, economic, ethical, environmental, cultural, and political factors may also be considered. Synopsis: In Module 5, students explore specific drug policy questions and become aware of the factors that influence their own and others' positions on those questions. Lesson 5-1: Individual and Societal Decision Making Lesson 5-2: Drug Policy Question - Should needle exchange programs be implemented? Lesson 5-3: Drug Policy Question - Should high school students be drug tested? Lesson 5-4: Drug Policy Question - Should D.A.R.E. be taught in all schools? Lesson 5-5: Drug Policy Question - Should marijuana be legal for medical purposes?

2. Module 5 - Policy Decisions about Drug Use/Abuse • Lesson 5-5 Drug Policy Question: Should Marijuana be Legal for Medical Purposes? • Content • Explanation of how scientific literacy is connected to individual and societal decision-making • Definitions and discussion about policy, risk perception and the acceptability or unacceptability of risk • Application of Drug Policy question Assignment to question, Should marijuana be legal for medical purposes? • Big Ideas • In a democratic society, a scientifically literate population is better able to make informed decisions about issues of public health • Societal decisions about acceptability versus unacceptability of risk often consider other factors besides the actual magnitude of that risk • The issue of whether or not marijuana should be legal for medical purposes is controversial with powerful arguments on both sides This project is supported by a Science Education Drug Abuse Partnership Award, Grant Number 1R24DA016357-01, from the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health.

3. Where are we? Essential Questions Enduring Understandings

4. Individual and Societal Decision Making Drug Policy Question Should marijuana be legal for medical purposes? A. Orientation to the Enduring Understanding Slides B. Drug Policy Question “Hip Pocket” Slides C. Drug Policy Question Summary Slides

5. Individual and Societal Decision Making Drug Policy Question Should marijuana be legal for medical purposes? A. Orientation to the Enduring Understanding Slides B. Drug Policy Question “Hip Pocket” Slides C. Drug Policy Question Summary Slides

6. Individual and Societal Decision Making Enduring Understanding Policy decisions are based on more than the scientific evidence. Because of competing values; social, economic, ethical, environmental, cultural, and political factors may also be considered.

7. Individual and Societal Decision Making Scientific Literacy A scientifically literate person is someone who: … can ask, find, or determine answers to questions derived from curiosity about everyday experiences  … has the ability to describe, explain, and predict natural phenomenon  … is able to read with understanding articles about science in the popular press and to engage in social conversation about the validity of their conclusions  … can identify scientific issues underlying national and local decisions and express positions that are scientifically and technologically informed  … (is) able to evaluate the quality of scientific information on the basis of its source and the methods used to generate it  … (has) the capacity to pose and evaluate arguments based on evidence and to apply conclusions from such arguments appropriately National Research Council.  (1996)  National Science Education Standards, Washington, DC:  National Academy Press.

8. Individual and Societal Decision Making Policy A course or principle of action adopted or proposed by a government, party, business, or individual John M. Last, A Dictionary of Public Health

9. Individual and Societal Decision Making Policy A course or principle of action adopted or proposed by agovernment, party, business, orindividual John M. Last, A Dictionary of Public Health

10. Individual and Societal Decision Making Drug Policy A course or principle of action adopted or proposed by agovernment, party, business, orindividual that affectsdrug use

11. Individual and Societal Decision Making Pre-Drug Policy Question Assignment Survey Summary Should marijuana be legal for medical purposes?

12. Should marijuana be legal for medical purposes? Drug Policy Question Should marijuana be legal for medical purposes? A. Orientation to the Enduring Understanding Slides B. Drug Policy Question “Hip Pocket” Slides C. Drug Policy Question Summary Slides

13. Should marijuana be legal for medical purposes? As part of the Investigational New Drug Program , this patient has been allowed to smoke marijuana to relieve the pain from a rare bone disorder.

14. Should marijuana be legal for medical purposes?

15. Should marijuana be legal for medical purposes? I

16. Should marijuana be legal for medical purposes? I

17. Should marijuana be legal for medical purposes?

18. Should marijuana be legal for medical purposes? Gonzales v. Raich

19. Should marijuana be legal for medical purposes? This report summarizes and analyzes what is known about the medical use of marijuana; it emphasizes evidence-based medicine, as opposed to belief-based medicine.

20. Should marijuana be legal for medical purposes? Recommendation Research should continue into the physiological effects of synthetic and plant-derived cannabinoids and the natural function of cannabinoids found in the body.

21. Should marijuana be legal for medical purposes? Recommendation Psychological effects of cannabinoids such as anxiety reduction and sedation, which can influence medical benefits, should be evaluated in clinical trials.

22. Should marijuana be legal for medical purposes? Recommendation Clinical trials of short-term marijuana use (less than six months) for medical purposes should be conducted under limited circumstances.

23. Should marijuana be legal for medical purposes? Recommendation Short-term use of smoked marijuana (less than six months) for patients with debilitating symptoms (such as intractable pain or vomiting) can be permitted under certain conditions.

24. Should marijuana be legal for medical purposes? Recommendation Clinical trials of cannabinoid drugs for symptom management should be conducted with the goal of developing rapid-onset, reliable, and safe delivery systems.

25. Should marijuana be legal for medical purposes? How would you determine whether or not Sativex is belief-based or evidence-based medicine? How would you test the effectiveness?

26. DZ DZ E DZ E Healthy People DZ E DZ DZ Random Assignment Healthy People Healthy People a b d c DZ DZ E E - - - - DZ E DZ Healthy People DZ DZ E E E E ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Time Time Time Time Should marijuana be legal for medical purposes? Case-Control Study Controlled Trial Cohort Study Cross-Sectional Study

27. No Pain Pain Sativex No Sativex Should marijuana be legal for medical purposes? Relative Risk Risk of Pain Total % 10 90 or a b 1 c d 10 90 % or

28. No Pain Pain Sativex No Sativex Should marijuana be legal for medical purposes? Relative Risk Risk of Pain Total % 10 90 or a b > 1 c d 10 90 % or

29. No Pain Pain Sativex No Sativex Should marijuana be legal for medical purposes? Relative Risk Risk of Pain Total % 10 90 or a b < 1 c d 10 90 % or

30. Individual and Societal Decision Making Drug Policy Question Should marijuana be legal for medical purposes? A. Orientation to the Enduring Understanding Slides B. Drug Policy Question “Hip Pocket” Slides C. Drug Policy Question Summary Slides

31. Individual and Societal Decision Making Should marijuana be legal for medical purposes? In Favor of

32. Individual and Societal Decision Making Should marijuana be legal for medical purposes? In Favor of Against

33. Individual and Societal Decision Making Should marijuana be legal for medical purposes? In Favor of Against Scientific Social Economic Ethical Environmental Cultural Political

34. Individual and Societal Decision Making Should marijuana be legal for medical purposes? In Favor of Against Policy decisions are based on more than the scientific evidence. Because of competing values; social, economic, ethical, environmental, cultural, and political factors may also be considered.

35. Individual and Societal Decision Making Write a Brief Statement Forces that Influenced Your Position

36. Individual and Societal Decision Making Post-Drug Policy Question Assignment Survey Should marijuana be legal for medical purposes?

37. Individual and Societal Decision Making Pre-Drug Policy Question Assignment Survey Should marijuana be legal for medical purposes?

38. Individual and Societal Decision Making Pre-Drug Policy Question Assignment Survey

39. Individual and Societal Decision Making Pre- and Post Drug Policy Question Assignment Survey Summaries Should marijuana be legal for medical purposes?

40. Individual and Societal Decision Making Citizen - Kings / Citizen - Queens Democracy “It is both the glory and the burden of democracy that lay citizens must make the final choice.”

41. Re-Cap • Big Ideas in this Lesson (5-5) • In a democratic society, a scientifically literate population is better able to make informed decisions about issues of public health • Societal decisions about acceptability versus unacceptability of risk often consider other factors besides the actual magnitude of that risk • The issue of whether or not marijuana should be legal for medical purposes is controversial with powerful arguments on both sides

42. End of Module 5 Democracy