Areas of Unprotected Speech

1. Areas of Unprotected Speech By: Julia Fair, Madison Jackson

2. What is Libel? Definition: Printed false defamation of character. For libel to occur you must have written something false.

3. Terms • Plaintiff • Defendant

4. 4 things a person claiming libel must prove • Defendant wrote a defamed message • Prove material was published • Plaintiff can be identified as the person written about in the defamed article • Plaintiff suffered some injury/his/her reputation from the article that was written

5. New York times v. Sullivan

6. Court Ruling

7. Defenses against a libel charge

8. Difference’s between libel and slander • Printed defamation-Libel • Spoken defamation-Slander • Both ruin reputation • Ex) Libel- Printing that a school teacher had a relation with a student (this was false) • Ex) Slander- Giving a public speech saying that the mayor stole money from the school system (this is false)

9. Invasion of Privacy

10. Intrusion • Intruding upon private lives/affairs • Highly offensive to a reasonable person • Not require publication of private facts • Ex) Snooping private files, intercepting private phone calls

11. False Light • Putting a person in false light in the eye of the public • Story cannot be used if that photo or story conveys a false impression of someone • Positive AND Negative light • Ex) Publishing a story that says the boys basketball team went to states when in reality they really didn’t.

12. Publication of private and embarrassing facts • So personal and intimate that its disclosure would offend a reasonable person • Not generally known to the public • Not newsworthy • Widely communicated (Emails count) • Ex) Exposing a celebrities divorce that no one knew about

13. appropriation • Definition: Approval • You need someone's approval to publish a story that is about them • Ex) You need a students approval to publish a story about them

14. Bibliography