Co-production in context Overview of theory & practice

1. Co-production in context Overviewof theory & practice Catriona Ness Improvement & Development Manager NHS Tayside

2. What isn’t co-production? Personal budgets Co-designing services Volunteering Representation on service boards and panels User led organisations Evaluating services Consultation Informing people

3. What is co-production? “Co-production means delivering public services in an equal and reciprocal relationship between professionals, people using services, their families and their neighbours. Where activities are co-produced in this way, both services and neighbourhoods become far more effective agents of change.”

4. Cabinet Office Definition “Empowers citizens to contribute their own resources ( time, will power, expertise and effort) and have greater control over public resources to achieve a valued outcome”

5. Levels of Co-production • Compliance e.g. taking medication • Recognition and support e.g. patient/service user involvement and feedback • Transformative e.g. transferring more power to people who use services, involves culture change and new ways of delivering

6. Elements of co-production • Building on people’s existing capabilities • Recognising people as assets • Reciprocity and mutuality • Peer support networks • Blurring distinctions between people and professionals • Facilitating rather than delivering

7. An equal partnershipTaken from a report for the Carnegie Trust, Commission for Rural Community Development – Beyond Engagement and participation, user and community co-production of services, by Tony Bovaird.

8. Changing roles: service delivery model • Commissioners specify what the services will look like, procure them and then monitor the services using targets • Professionals assess need, ration resources and deliver services to passive recipients • Users and communities are defined by what they lack and receive care based on how needy they are perceived to be

9. Changing roles: co-production model • All three have a role in assessing needs, mapping assets, agreeing outcome targets, planning allocation of resources, designing services, and monitoring and evaluating impact • Professional and experiential knowledge are valued and combined • Some of the remaining specific functions: • Commissioners: retaining democratic connection, designing commissioning process, market shaping, ensuring equality of opportunity. • Professionals: researching alternatives models of support, brokering in other resources, delivering some services • Users and communities: are the new resource in the process. Have increased responsibilities but far greater agency over their lives.

10. Some examples • Time Banks • Expert patient/lay led programmes • Keyring scheme • Healthy Community Collaborative

11. References • Co-production: a manifesto for growing the core economy. New Economics Foundation, 2008 • The Challenge of Co-production nef 2009 • Public Services Inside Out :putting co-production into practice nef 2010 • Right here right now: taking co-production into the mainstream, NESTA/nef, July 2010 • Practical Approaches to Co-production: Building effective partnerships with people using services, carers, families and citizens. Dept of Health, November 2010

12. References • Glass half full: how an asset approach can improve community health and wellbeing, IDeA 2010 • The Human Factor Nesta/ The Lab 2009 • Radical Scotland: Confronting the Challenges facing Scotland’s public services Nesta /The Lab 2010 • SCIE Research briefing –Co production Catherine Needham/Sarah Carr 2009