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What is ZigBee?

What is ZigBee?. Open global standard with an alliance of members (175+) promoted by Chipcon, Mitsubishi, Philips, Honeywell ++. Alliance members participate in working groups targeting to define standard profiles (like in Bluetooth). Radiocrafts is a member of the ZigBee Alliance

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What is ZigBee?

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  1. What is ZigBee? • Open global standard with an alliance of members (175+) promoted by Chipcon, Mitsubishi, Philips, Honeywell ++. Alliance members participate in working groups targeting to define standard profiles (like in Bluetooth). • Radiocrafts is a member of the ZigBee Alliance • Specification rev. 1.0 ratified Mid December 2004.FREE TO DOWNLOAD FROM www.zigbee.com • Targeted for home and building automation & industrial control • Quarterly Member meetings with “open house”. Each 2. month: interoperability tests • www.zigbee.org : read all about it. • www.radiocrafts.com: Application Note AN003 Radiocrafts

  2. Personal health care- Consumer electronics Home and building automation- Alarms and security systems- Sensor networks/industrial systems Radiocrafts

  3. Networking and interoperability • Main benefits are mesh ad-hoc self-forming networks & interoperability through defined profiles (agreement on a series of messages defining an application space) Mesh Star Coordinator (FFD, Mains powered, RX always on (-CT)) Router (FFD, Mains powered, RX always on (-CT)) End Device (RFD, Battery powered) Cluster Tree Radiocrafts

  4. ZigBee Device types • ZigBee Coordinator (ZC) • Acts as IEEE 802.15.4 PAN coordinator (FFD) • One and only one required for each ZB network • Initiates network formation • May act as router once network is formed • ZigBee Router (ZR) • Acts as IEEE 802.15.4 Router (FFD) • Optional network component • May associate with ZC or with previously associated ZR • Participates in multihop routing of messages • ZigBee End Device (ZED) • Optional network component • Does not participate in routing • Reduced Functionality Device (RFD) Radiocrafts

  5. ZigBee vs. WLAN vs BT Radiocrafts

  6. Basic Network Characteristics I • Lots of devices • Infrequently used • Small data packets • Long battery Lifetime • Addressing:Each node unique 64 bit IEEE MAC address (same as for Ethernet)Upper 24 bit assigned by IEEE (buy UOI) Lower 40 bit: serial number (unlimited number of devices) Radiocrafts

  7. Basic Network Characteristics II • 65,536 network (client) nodes (due to 16 bits PAN id) • Not for streaming 250 kbps data;MAC data Frame: 127 Bytes No handling of fragmentation today (handling of packets routed differently in network, lost or arriving at random times) • Optimized for timing-critical applications • Network join time: • 30 ms (typ) • Sleeping node changing to active: 15 ms (typ)(Versus 10-30 seconds for BT & WLAN) Radiocrafts

  8. Application Layer ZigBee Stack IEEE Stack (MAC) PHY: 868/915MHz PHY: 2.4 GHz What is IEEE 802.15.4? What is ZigBee? • ZigBee defining upper protocol layers:Application: • -Application Profiles • -Application Framework • -Network and Security layer • IEEE802.15.4-2003: standard defining PHY and MAC MAC: Medium Access controlPHY: Physical layer Radiocrafts

  9. IEEE802.15.4-2003: • PHY: 868MHz (Europe): 20kbps 915MHz (USA): 40kbps 2.4GHz (2.40-2.4835 GHz): 250kbps (raw bit rate) • DSSS (robust against interferers), O-QPSK, 16 channels, 5MHz spacing, 3MHz Bandwidth • MAC: Synchronizing to beacons (optional), acknowledge and retransmissions of data packets, CRC, security/encryption (AES-128) • Current version of IEEE standard does NOT support Cluster Tree network. Next revision, IEEE802.15.4b will support this. • Provides the higher layers (ZigBee) with a robust radio link Radiocrafts

  10. IEEE 802.15.4 vs ZigBee ZigBee: The stack layers “creates the network” by: • Network layer • Join and leave networks • Route frames • Discover routes • Discover one-hop neighbours • Apply security • Starting a network (coordinator) • Assigning addresses (coordinator) • Application Support Sublayer • Tables for binding • Forward messages between bound devices Radiocrafts

  11. Application profiles There are three types of profiles: • Public Profile (like the Home Control Lighting profile) • Published profile • Private profile (The Radiocrafts SPPIO) (A Private Profile is becoming Published when…it is published) In order to define a private profile, a unique profile ID must be issued by the ZigBee Alliance which requires Alliance Membership (lowest entry level is USD 3 500) Radiocrafts

  12. Application profiles cont. (specification frontpage) Today ONE profile is defined: • Lighting profile: Light switches, dimmers, occupancy sensors The following is planned (last meeting in the Alliance): • Industrial plant monitoring • Non-ducting HVAC • Building automation Expected profiles: • Serial port profile • Industrial Automation • AMR (Automatic Meter Reading) Radiocrafts

  13. Certification & Compliance Marking with Z-logo: Only for certified end products. Certification: Only for ZigBee-members. Full conformance testing based on a ZigBee-compliant platform (RFIC+MCU controller+stack) Compliance: Three types of compliance programs:1. ZigBee compliant Platform (module-makers)2. Logo test program: Using a module and testing for rights to Z-logo3. ZigBee-friendly test program (do not intentionally interoperate). Can use the word “ZigBee”, not Z-marking. Next two years: NTS (US) and TÜV (Worldwide) have test monopole Radiocrafts

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