DO NOW

1. DO NOW V: 0 • Organelle • Tissue • organ system • Organism • Population • Organ

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5. Vocabulary V: 0 Cells Tissues Organs Organ Systems Organisms Organelles Cell membrane Cell wall Nucleus Cytoplasm Mitochondrion Chloroplast Vacuoles

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7. Cell Theory V: 0 • 1. All organisms (living things) are made of one or more cells. (Unicellular or multicellular) • 2. The cell is the basic unit of all LIVING things. • Hierarchy of all matter: • Protons/ Neutrons/Electrons Atoms Elements Molecules Compounds Organelles  Cells (LIFE) Tissues Organs Organ Systems Organisms  Populations  Ecosystems  Earth  Solar System  Galaxy  Local Group  Galaxy Clusters  Universe • 3. All cells come from existing cells. (Mitosis=production of body cells or Meiosis=production of sex cells)

8. Two classifications of cells V: 0 • Prokaryotic Cells • 1st form of life • Have NO nucleus – DNA is free (called the “nucleloid”) • ONLY form Unicellular organisms (one-celled) • Example: Bacteria (e. coli, staph, salmonella) • Eukaryotic Cells • Evolved from prokaryotes • Have a nucleus with bundled DNA • Can form unicellular or multi-cellular organisms. • Example: Amoebas, plants animals, fungi, protists *Note: There many TYPES of cells (skin, muscle, hair, sex, etc.,); these are the two categories that ALL cells fall under! It is the DNA within cells that controls what type of cell they will be.

9. Two classifications of cells V: 0

10. Animal Cell V: 2 Organelle & Function *Cell Membrane: Outer cell lining for protection *Cytoplasm: Jelly-like liquid that organelles float in *Nucleus: “Control center” that contains organism’s DNA *DNA: The hereditary material of organisms *Vacuoles: Store nutrients and waste *Mitochondria: Jelly-bean shaped producers of energy (ATP) for cell • EVALUATE: • What shape are the mitochondria? • How is the cell similar to a body system?

11. Animal Cell V: 2

12. Plant Cell V: 2 PLANT-SPECIFIC organelles: *Cell Wall: Gives plant cells shape and structure (rigidity), made of cellulose *Chloroplast: Site where photosynthesis in plant cells occurs EVALUATE: • What are some similarities between plant and animal cells? • What do you notice about the vacuole of the plant cell? • Why do you think plants evolved to have cell walls and animals did not?

13. Plant Cell V: 2

14. Cell Analogy V: 0 • Create an analogy of the cell to something you are familiar with, such as a store, mall, school, etc. • What does each part of the cell represent in your analogy? • Key Vocabulary: cell wall cell membrane vacuole chloroplast nucleus mitochondria cytoplasm

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16. Classification of Living Things Scientists estimate that there are between3 millionand100 millionspecies of organisms on Earth. Taxonomists--biologists who specialize in identifying and classifying life on our planet--have named approximately1.7 millionspecies so far. Each year, about13,000new speciesare added to the list of known organisms. So, how do scientists classify (organize) all these millions of species?

17. The Big Picture

18. 3 Domains and 6 Kingdoms

19. Archaea TheArchaeaare one of two groups ofprokaryotic organisms, organisms with no nuclear membrane. (Bacteria are the other group.) Archaea are believed to be the earliest form of life on Earth. Although both archaea and bacteria are simple life-forms, archaea are very different from bacteria. ARCHAEA Archaeado not require sunlightfor photosynthesis, as plants do, and theydo not need oxygen. Archaea absorb CO2, N2, or H2S and give off methane gas as a waste product. Archaea are best known forliving in extremely hostile environments(very hot, very acid, or very salty), but they can also be found in less extreme conditions.

20. Halococcus salifodinae is found in water with high concentrations of salt.

21. Sulfolobus is an extrophile that lives in hot springs and thrives in sulfur-rich conditions.

22. A Deep Sea Hydrothermal Vent – Prime Habitat forArchaeaExtremophiles video of black smoker

23. Hot springs in Yellowstone Park–“Hot” Spots forArchaean Extremophiles Prismatic Pool, Yellowstone Park Searching for Archaea in Yellowstone’s Obsidian Pool Archaeain Yellowstone

24. Bacteria– the Most Abundant Organisms Bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus; yellow spheres) adhering to nasal cilia. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae Borrelia burgdorferi, the bacterium that causes Lyme disease. E. Coli bacteria There are more bacteria in your mouth than there have been people living since the dawn of humans.

25. Is Bacteria Good? Bacteria are theprimary recyclers of materials in the environment, particularly nitrogen. Newsflash!!! There was bacteria discovered that can dophotosynthesis!

26. Is Bacteria Good? Bacteria are also essential for many processes we depend on – sewage treatment, cheese production, antibiotic production, and biotechnological processes like gene cloning and protein production.

27. Bacteria are used to produce insulin and other drugs that people need.

28. The Domain Eukarya is divided into 4 Kingdoms: Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia Classifying Critters activity

29. PROTISTS • Protistsare eukaryotesbecause they all have a nucleus. • Many have chloroplastswith which they carry on photosynthesis. • Many are even unicellular . A better name for Protists would be "Eukaryotes that are neither Animals, Fungi, nor Plants". Protists Visit Protist Park

30. FUNGI Fungi sometimes look like plants, but they’re not! Fungican’t do photosynthesis, because they don’t have chloroplasts; they get their nutrients from the organic material they live in.  Decomposers, like mushrooms, feed on dead organic material.  Some fungifeed on living organisms, such as plants, animals and even other fungi. This causes diseases and infections in these organisms (like athlete’s foot and ringworm in humans). Other differences from plants: • fungi don’t have roots FUNGI • fungi’s cell walls are made of chitin, not cellulose.

31. ANIMALS Invertebrates (no backbone) Vertebrates(backbone)

32. Kingdom Phylum Class Class Order Family Genus Species Remember:Kids Prefer Candy Over Fresh Green Salad

33. Kingdom:  Animalia Phylum:   Chordata Class:     Mammalia Order:    Carnivora Family:   Felidae Genus:  Panthera Species:   Tigris   Subspecies  PantheratigrisaltaicaSiberian or Amur Tiger, Southeast Russia/China  PantheratigristigrisIndia   PantheratigrisamoyensisSouthern China   Pantheratigriscorbetti Indochina PantheratigrissumatraeSumatran Tiger, Sumatra                 

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38. Vocabulary V: 0 Heterotrophic Autotrophic Unicellular Multicellular Prokaryotic Eukaryotic Asexual Sexual

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40. Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic V: 0 Has NO Nucleus Prokaryotic “Pro” rhymes with NO!

41. Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic V: 0 Has a Nucleus Eukaryotic “You have one”! Nucleus Cytoplasm Cell Membrane

42. Unicellular vs. Multicellular V: 0 An organism made of only 1 cell. Unicellular Or “uno-cellular” 1

43. Unicellular vs. Multicellular V: 0 Multicellular “Multiple, Many” An organism that is made of many cells.

44. Autotrophic vs. Heterotrophic V: 0 Makes its own food from sunlight. (plants) Autotrophic

45. Autotrophic vs. Heterotrophic V: 0 Eats food to gain nutrients. Gets its food from other sources. Heterotrophic “Head”erotrophic

46. Sexual vs. Asexual V: 0 Takes 2 organisms to produce a new one. Sexual Reproduction

47. Sexual vs. Asexual V: 0 One organism “clones” itself to produce a new organism. Asexual Reproduction Alone

48. Body Systems V: 0

49. Body Systems V: 0 BrainPop Video

50. DO NOW-Grade Level V: 0