Course: Master of Development Management (MDM)

1. Subject: Policy & Development (PD) Lecture 4: The Policy Development Process Course: Master of Development Management (MDM)

2. Six Steps in Policy Development Process The policy development process as a logical progression through six steps: • Problem definition, • Goal clarification, • Option generation, • Selection, • Implementation, and • Evaluation

3. Problem Definition (a) problem recognition (b) situation analysis (c) problem definition (d) priority determination

4. Value and Goal Clarification (a) consideration of values and goals (b) clarify normative foundation (c) describe desired results (d) develop criteria and indicators

5. Option Generation (a) focus on goals (b) develop alternatives (c) think broadly and outside of established norms

6. Selection (a) use tools to evaluate alternatives (b) understand potential impacts (c) consider, debate alternatives (d) compromise, make tradeoffs, bargain (f) decide/recommend (g) close the loop

7. Implementation (a) understand success factors (b) assess capacity (c) assign responsibility (d) choose instruments (e) align (f) transfer

8. Evaluation (a) monitor/obtain feedback (b) compare actual and desired results (c) learn (d) modify as necessary

11. Group ExercisePOLICY DEVELOPMENT PROCESS: A HORIZONTAL POLICY EXERCISE • How would the policy process differ if horizontal issues were involved? Think about research and data-gathering; the quality and depth of analysis; the need to understand shared and individually held values and goals and to make decisions when multiple mandates and/or jurisdictions are involved; possible implementation through multiple programs; and the challenges of evaluation. • What about the involvement of the stakeholders and citizens?

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