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OVERLOADING STRATEGIES IN AFRICA Hannes van Wyk

OVERLOADING STRATEGIES IN AFRICA Hannes van Wyk. Africa does not want……. Africa wants …. CONTENTS. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND WHAT IS OVERLOADING? OVERVIEW OF STRATEGIES IN AFRICA AFRICA’S NEEDS AND CHALLENGES SOLUTIONS. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND.

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OVERLOADING STRATEGIES IN AFRICA Hannes van Wyk

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  1. OVERLOADING STRATEGIES IN AFRICA Hannes van Wyk

  2. Africa does not want……

  3. Africa wants …..

  4. CONTENTS • INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND • WHAT IS OVERLOADING? • OVERVIEW OF STRATEGIES IN AFRICA • AFRICA’S NEEDS AND CHALLENGES • SOLUTIONS

  5. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND • Africa has a large number of transport corridors which relies on road transport (more than 80%). Initiatives to move freight to rail not yet successful. • The transport sector is vital for economic growth and social development. • Global demands for minerals, energy and agricultural products offer many opportunities for growth in Africa. • Africa needs to ensure that it has the infrastructure and processes to facilitate the trade opportunities. • The cost of transport in Africa can be as high as 40% of the value of the products. Worldwide average is 5%. • Transporting goods in Africa often takes 3 times longer and is 3-5 times more expensive than in Europe, Asia and Latin America.

  6. INTRODUCTION AND BACKBROUND • The main reasons for the high transportation costs are poor road conditions and delays (NTBs). Are we addressing the NTBs? • Road infrastructure has to be protected, cost effectively managed and maintained. Are we focussing too much on the development? • The damaging effect of overloading on the road infrastructure is exponential. Why is the transport sector destroying its life line? • Are we inclined to obey laws that protect and ensure more competitive transport costs and delivery times? • Governments spend large amounts of money on road building, maintenance and repair. Does the standard of roads reflect that? • In 2007 the problem of overloading was identified as a very high priority for Africa by the regional organisations. What went wrong?

  7. IS THIS FACILITATING TRADE? FAIR?

  8. WHY? CAUSING PROBLEMS FOR OPERATORS

  9. WHAT IS OVERLOADING ?

  10. WHAT IS OVERLOADING ? Overloading of vehicles is defined by: • Legislation and Design • Grossvehicle and vehicle combination mass • Axle and axle unit mass • Vehicle design (drawing power, brakes, steering mechanism) • Stability of the loads

  11. THEEFFECT OF OVERLOADING • A single vehicle axle, overloaded by 25%, causes 2.6 times more damage than the legal axle. • A truck,100% overloaded, “uses” the equivalent of 18 legally loaded trucks. • An overloaded vehicle is difficult to control as it is operated outside the parameters of the vehicle’s design in terms of steering mechanism and brakes and becomes a serious threat to road safety.

  12. CURRENT SITUATION IN AFRICA - Overview • Africa is awakening to the concept of protecting the road infrastructure. Southern and Eastern Africa are already in the process of regional standardisation and co-operation. • During 2010, several West African countries started implementing standard axle weight rules, but it was not regarded as successful. The harmonisation of legislation is still an ongoing objective. Currently, there are new initiatives in Ghana and Nigeria. • In East Africa 95% of the cargo is transported by road. East Africa will continue to grow with opportunities from recent gas and oil finds, ongoing infrastructure projects and an increasing number of foreign investors moving into the region. EAC formed The East African Trade and Transport Facilitation Project.

  13. CURRENT SITUATION IN AFRICA - Overview • Countries are attempting to address overloading in several ways. Regional organisations are involved. • There are over 260 known weighbridges operating in Africa. At least another 40 weighbridges are planned for Africa. Do we need them? • Differences on institutional responsibility for overload control. • Weighbridge operations are regarded as corrupt, inconsistent and using outdated technology. Upgrading in some places not supported. Why? Private sector only involved in some countries. • Is there control over law enforcement institutions? Low conviction rates. Information? Is this regarded as a serious crime? • Countries not weighing buses, tankers, cooling trucks, abnormal vehicles and vehicles carrying live stock. Why not? Are they not overloaded or posing a threat to road safety?

  14. CURRENT SITUATION IN AFRICA - Overview • Some countries are reluctant to award adjacent weighbridges to the same operator. Debate? • Several initiatives to harmonise legislation in the different regions still being implemented. • No integration and constant analysis of systems and information between weighbridges, countries and regions. • There is no regional standardisation of operations and calibration practices. • Very little driver and operator awareness, education and training. • 20% of the weighbridges are operated by the private sector.

  15. CURRENT SITUATION IN AFRICA - Kenya • Kenya has been very active in addressing overloading over the last 4 years. • In 2012 privatised 9 weighbridges. Removed 4 weighbridges to support trade. • Plans a new port at Lamu and northern corridor towards Ethiopia and include weighbridges in the planning. • Planning several road concessions for total road management to include weighbridges. • Considering developing weighbridges at ports – addressing overloading at the source.

  16. CURRENT SITUATION IN AFRICA • Ghana has 16 privatised weighbridges. Ghana indicated the intention to establish new weighbridges at the ports and border posts. • The mining industry in Zimbabwe indicated that it wants to develop 17 weighbridges on a BOT basis to regulate the mining industry in terms of overloading. Other weighbridges being considered.

  17. CURRENT SITUATION IN AFRICA • Malawi had 5 weighbridges and was part of the harmonisation initiative in 2003, but it was not regarded as successful. Recently the initiative was revived. • Mozambique updated their overloading legislation according to requirements of SADC. It has two privatised weighbridges. The development of the mining industry and roads built in the north of the country requires urgent overload control.

  18. CURRENT SITUATION IN AFRICA • Rwanda, Ethiopia and Uganda has over the past three years initiated consulting tenders for the evaluation of their current overloading strategies, development and implementation of appropriate infrastructure, technology and operations. A move in the right direction. • South Sudan showed interest in the development of weighbridges. • Angola announced the development of 31 weighbridges

  19. CURRENT SITUATION IN AFRICA • Senegal, Togo, Niger, Namibia and Botswana all had recent overloading initiatives with mixed success. • Tanzania has 28 law enforcement weighbridges, 8 under construction and 22 more intended. Strategy? • Zambia had several initiatives to involve the private sector in weighbridge development and operations, but it was reported as cancelled due to nepotism and corruption. Recently built a new weighbridge at kapiriMposhi.

  20. CURRENT SITUATION IN AFRICA – South Africa • South Africa has 120 weighbridges, 95 operational and 26 operated by the private sector. • SANRAL is currently the leader in Africa with regards to overload control strategies. • The Western Cape, Mpumalanga and Kwazulu Natal is known to be successful in overload control. • The Free State and North West provinces started a process of revisiting their entire provincial weighbridge structure and strategy.

  21. AFRICA’S NEEDS AND CHALLENGES • Transport operators and regional trade facilitation institutions are frustrated by the lack of harmonisation, number of weighbridges, inconsistency, time delays and corruption at weighbridges in many countries. • Transport tenders are often designed to overload resulting in unfair competition. • Overloading has been tagged as a high priority in 2007, but still lacks an agreed continental overloading strategy. • No consistent global, pan-African or regional operational and technical role players. • Consistent institutional responsibilities and development • Weighbridge operations are not standardised and inefficient.

  22. AFRICA’S NEEDS AND CHALLENGES • Information mainly local, rarely national and not regional. • A large number of weighbridges (over 260) already exist in Africa, but effectiveness is not measured, legislation not harmonised, operations not standardised and are hampered by corruption. • Even more weighbridges (over 50) are planned in Africa. Are they all needed? • Facilities, equipment and systems are outdated. How do we assist poor countries in the region? • All heavy vehicles are weighed slowing down trade. (Weighing of buses, tankers, live stock?)

  23. THE CHALLENGE • REMOVE THE INCENTIVE TO OVERLOAD • SUPPORT THE LEGALLY LOADED OPERATOR • LEVEL THE PLAYING FIELD • EDUCATE AND MAKE AWARE • EXECUTION!

  24. PRIMARY OBJECTIVES OF OVERLOAD CONTROL STRATEGIES • Facilitate and improve trade by the reduction of travelling times and transport costs as well as regional harmonising of legislation. • Optimise the life span of roads. Protect the road infrastructure and reduce road maintenance costs. • Improve road safety and reduce the costs of incident management.

  25. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES OF OVERLOAD CONTROL STRATEGIES • Ensure fair competition with transport tenders. • Improve facilities, equipment and technology. Integrate systems and information for monitoring. Remove the human factor through automisation • Standardise legislation and operations. • Educate and train the Police, Consignors, Consignees, Transport Operators and Weighbridge Staff • Provide useful and integrated road usage information for monitoring and planning.

  26. SOLUTIONS • An integrated strategy for the continent and regions focussing on facilitating trade. • Follow the strategy with execution • Removal of NTBs. The need for political support. • Protect the transport infrastructure and industry by addressing the sources of overloading. • Africa needs less but more efficient and integrated weighbridges. Focus on screening and the source of overloading. • Involve the transport sector. Work towards participation and self regulation. • Harmonise legislation and tolerances.

  27. SOLUTIONS • Implement screening and monitoring of ALL heavy vehicles to focus on overloaded vehicles and regions with high overloading. • Provide the appropriate facilities, equipment and technology. Standardise user and technical requirements and specifications. • Reduce human intervention. Use available technology to ensure integrity and information. • Standardise operations and trainingfor the region? • Consistent law enforcement ito processes and fines. • Integrate operations and information systems. E.g. identify and address regional habitual offenders. • Involve the private sector (outcomes and performance based) through PPP to provide the facilities, to restore trust and ensure integrity and best practices. Is it the government’s role to “operate” or to “guide and direct”?

  28. FACILITATE TRADE PROTECT INFRASTRUCTURE INCENTIVISE COMPLIANCE THANK YOU!

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