6.5 Oxidising Alkanols

1. 6.5 Oxidising Alkanols 6.5.1 Comparing Oxidation LO: I understand which alkanols can be oxidised.

2. orange green orange green oxidising Potassium dichromate is a mild agent. Experiment: During the oxidation, dichromate solution changes colour from orange to green. butan-1-ol primary butan-2-ol secondary tertiary no reaction 2-methylpropan-2-ol Acidified potassium dichromate solution doesn’t oxidise alkanols. tertiary LO: I understand which alkanols can be oxidised.

3. 6.5.2 Oxidation Process LO: I understand how oxidation takes place.

4. Oxidation is gain of or loss of . oxygen hydrogen Stage 1 Primary alkanols are oxidised in two stages: Loss of hydrogen ethanol ethanal The product of stage 1 is an (). alkanal aldehyde LO: I understand how oxidation takes place.

5. Gain of oxygen Stage 2 ethanoic acid ethanal The product of stage 2 is an acid ( acid). alkanoic carboxylic LO: I understand how oxidation takes place.

6. Secondary Alkanols Secondary alkanols are oxidised in one stage: Loss of hydrogen propan-2-ol propanone alkanone The product is an (). ketone LO: I understand how oxidation takes place.

7. O C The products in both cases contain a carbon to oxygen bond: double This functional group is called a . carbonyl Tertiary alkanols can’t be oxidised in this way. LO: I understand how oxidation takes place.

8. 6.5.3 Copper(II) Oxide LO: I understand that oxidation can take place using copper(II) oxide.

9. During the reaction the copper(II) oxide () gives up its oxygen forming copper (). The pH paper changes from green to showing an has been produced black brown orange acid LO: I understand that oxidation can take place using copper(II) oxide.