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Chapter 16 Romanticism (1770 - 1900) Reaction to Classicism Instrumental Music The Ideal Romantic Art the text of a vocal work limited its expressive range Schopenhauer instrumental music expresses the innermost reality of himan feelings Program Music
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Chapter 16 • Romanticism • (1770 - 1900) • Reaction to Classicism
Instrumental Music • The Ideal Romantic Art • the text of a vocal work limited its expressive range • Schopenhauer • instrumental music expresses the innermost reality of himan feelings
Program Music • Instrumental music associated with poetic, descriptive, or narrative subject matter. • Program symphony • Concert overture • Symphonic Poem or Tone Poem • Incidental Music
Franz Peter Schubert • The Unfinished Symphony • Symphony No. 8 • (IG75) • 9 symphonies total • No. 9 The Great C Major Symphony
Hector Berlioz • Symphonie fantastique (#105) • autobiographical • idée fixe • Harold en Italie • viola solo • Roméo et Juliette • Dramatic symphony in 7 movements for solo vocalists and chorus.
Symphonie fantastique • Mvt. IV, “Marche au supplice” • idée fixe • First Program Symphony
Felix Mendelssohn • Italian Symphony (No. 4) • Scottish Symphony (No. 3) • Hebrides - overture • Overture to “A Midsummer Night’s Dream” • Incidental Music for A Midsummer Night’s Dream
Overture to “A Midsummer Night’s Dream” • Enchanted forest • Wood nymphs • King Oberon’s Court • Lovers • Acting Troupe • Sonata Allegro Form
Robert Schumann • 4 symphonies • No. 1 - Spring Symphony
Franz Liszt • 12 Symphonic poems • Les Préludes • Symphonies • Faust Symphony • Dante Symphony
Johannes Brahms • Academic Overture • Tragic Overture • Variations on a theme of Haydn
Johannes Brahms, Symphonies • 4 Symphonies. • No. 1 took 20 years to write • “Beethoven’s 10th” • Symphony No. 4 - • passacaglia/ chaconne theme with variations in Mvt. 4
Symphony No. 4 in E Minor, Op. 98 • Mvt. IV • passacaglia/chaconne • theme and 32 variations
Anton Bruckner • 9 1/2 symphonies • Monumental in scale and character. • Symphony No. 4 - Romantic Symphony
Piotr Ilyyich Tchaikovsky • 4, 5 and 6 are best known symphonies • No. 6, the Pathétique • Overtures: 1812 Overture • Romeo and Juliet Overture • Ballets: Nutcracker • Swan Lake • Sleeping Beauty
Symphony No. 4 in F Minor • Program symphony • Sonata Allegro Form • Introduction: Knock of Fate • Primary: Anguish and Despair • Secondary: Escape from reality
Antonin Dvořák • 9 Symphonies • No. 9 the From the New World • Native American melodies • Negro Spirituals